Abstract: Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury or bTBI needs objective and subjective testing that can be made quickly in the field. Subjective tests using shapes, textures, tastes and odors as disposable, edible candies on a stick may be carried in a field kit. An objective test that employs a similar candy on a stick bearing antibodies bound to bioluminescent marker reads whether molecules believed to be released into the mouth from an injured brain are present if they bind to the specific antibody which may then be read.

Abstract: A computer based system and method is disclosed for positional guidance in real-time surgical applications using audio feedback. The invention is based on translating the 5 spatial parameters of a surgical instrument or device, such as its position and velocity with respect to a given coordinate system, into a set of audio feedback parameters along the coordinates of a generalized audio space. Error signals which correspond to deviations of the actual instrument trajectory from an optimal trajectory stored in a computer memory are translated into a set of audio signals that indicate to the user whether correction is required. Accordingly, the system and method can be used in a variety of applications that require accurate special positioning.