Abstract: A method of producing purified water in a subsurface environment is provided in which ambient subsurface source water is introduced into and through one or more ultrafiltration membrane units of a subsurface water treatment system and producing thereby an ultrafiltrate substantially free of solid particulates having a largest dimension greater than 0.1 microns. An electrochemical unit in fluid communication with at least one ultrafiltration membrane unit provides an antifoulant solution. An ultrafiltrate-rich backwash fluid and at least a portion of the antifoulant solution are delivered to at least one non-producing ultrafiltration membrane unit during a backwash cycle. A flux of source fluid through each of the ultrafiltration membrane units of less than thirty gallons per square foot per day limits the need for backwash cycles. A reduction in the number of backwash cycles enhances system autonomy and useful life, and limits the need for intervention for maintenance and component replacement.

Abstract: A method of producing purified water in a subsurface environment is provided in which ambient subsurface source water is introduced into and through one or more ultrafiltration membrane units of a subsurface water treatment system and producing thereby an ultrafiltrate substantially free of solid particulates having a largest dimension greater than 0.1 microns. An electrochemical unit in fluid communication with at least one ultrafiltration membrane unit provides an antifoulant solution. An ultrafiltrate-rich backwash fluid and at least a portion of the antifoulant solution are delivered to at least one non-producing ultrafiltration membrane unit during a backwash cycle. A flux of source fluid through each of the ultrafiltration membrane units of less than thirty gallons per square foot per day limits the need for backwash cycles. A reduction in the number of backwash cycles enhances system autonomy and useful life, and limits the need for intervention for maintenance and component replacement.

Abstract: An immersion tube for a measuring probe of a type where a sensor element is arranged at the end of the measuring probe has a sleeve and an end piece. The end piece includes a plug, a connector piece, and a protector basket arranged between the plug and the connector piece. The connector piece connects the end piece to the sleeve and has an internal diameter that is enlarged relative to the internal diameter of the protector basket. The enlarged internal diameter portion ends at a circular internal step that can be seat for a sealing means, can provide a circular sealing lip, or both. A breakthrough opening on the protector basket is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the immersion tube, whereby the sensor element which in operation is located in the protector basket can be brought into direct contact with a measurement medium. All surfaces and edges of the immersion tube which are exposed to the measurement medium during operation are smooth and rounded.

Abstract: An armature for holding an interchangeable measuring probe, has a housing (2), an immersion tube (3) that removably receives the probe and which is axially movable in the housing between a rest position and a measuring position, a drive mechanism arranged in a drive mechanism housing (17, 26), and a drive element (4) designed to be coupled to the immersion tube. The immersion tube and/or the measuring probe are always located outside of the drive mechanism housing. A housing attachment (25) is arranged between the housing and the drive mechanism housing, the housing attachment being connected to the housing in a releasable manner.

Abstract: An immersion tube for a measuring probe of a type where a sensor element is arranged at the end of the measuring probe has a sleeve and an end piece. The end piece includes a plug, a connector piece, and a protector basket arranged between the plug and the connector piece. The connector piece connects the end piece to the sleeve and has an internal diameter that is enlarged relative to the internal diameter of the protector basket. The enlarged internal diameter portion ends at a circular internal step that can be seat for a sealing means, can provide a circular sealing lip, or both. A breakthrough opening on the protector basket is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the immersion tube, whereby the sensor element which in operation is located in the protector basket can be brought into direct contact with a measurement medium. All surfaces and edges of the immersion tube which are exposed to the measurement medium during operation are smooth and rounded.

Abstract: A rinsing device for a sensor has a cylinderlike rinsing chamber which has an anterior chamber part connectable to a measuring fluid container and which is configured to receive an immersion tube that contains a sensor and is coaxial with as well as movable along the longitudinal axis L of the rinsing chamber. The rinsing chamber has a rinsing area delimited by an anterior ring groove and a rearward closure. A circumferential wall of the rinsing area has at least one inlet as well as a drainage outlet with an orifice opening for a rinsing medium. The anterior ring groove is aligned at an oblique angle (?) to the longitudinal axis, and the orifice opening borders on the most forwardly positioned location of the circumferential wall. The drainage outlet is directed at a forward angle from the orifice opening, and the circumferential wall has an internal diameter which increases continuously from the rearward end of the rinsing area up to the orifice opening.

Abstract: A probe-holder armature contains a sensor probe that is removably arranged in the forward portion of an immersion tube which is axially movable in a housing between a retracted rest position and a deployed working position. The sensor probe in its installed condition forms a medium-tight closure of the immersion tube. The immersion tube contains a removable insert which can be held in a fixed position by means of a closure member. By means of the insert, the sensor probe in its installed position is pushed forward against a forward stop of the immersion tube. A safety device prevents an axial movement of the immersion tube out of its rest position if one or more of the three components sensor probe, insert and closure member are missing.

Abstract: An armature for holding an interchangeable measuring probe, has a housing (2), an immersion tube (3) that removably receives the probe and which is axially movable in the housing between a rest position and a measuring position, a drive mechanism arranged in a drive mechanism housing (17, 26), and a drive element (4) designed to be coupled to the immersion tube. The immersion tube and/or the measuring probe are always located outside of the drive mechanism housing. A housing attachment (25) is arranged between the housing and the drive mechanism housing, the housing attachment being connected to the housing in a releasable manner.

Abstract: A probe-holder armature contains a sensor probe that is removably arranged in the forward portion of an immersion tube which is axially movable in a housing between a retracted rest position and a deployed working position. The sensor probe in its installed condition forms a medium-tight closure of the immersion tube. The immersion tube contains a removable insert which can be held in a fixed position by means of a closure member. By means of the insert, the sensor probe in its installed position is pushed forward against a forward stop of the immersion tube. A safety device prevents an axial movement of the immersion tube out of its rest position if one or more of the three components sensor probe, insert and closure member are missing.

Abstract: A rinsing device for a sensor has a cylinderlike rinsing chamber which has an anterior chamber part connectable to a measuring fluid container and which is configured to receive an immersion tube that contains a sensor and is coaxial with as well as movable along the longitudinal axis L of the rinsing chamber. The rinsing chamber has a rinsing area delimited by an anterior ring groove and a rearward closure. A circumferential wall of the rinsing area has at least one inlet as well as a drainage outlet with an orifice opening for a rinsing medium. The anterior ring groove is aligned at an oblique angle (?) to the longitudinal axis, and the orifice opening borders on the most forwardly positioned location of the circumferential wall. The drainage outlet is directed at a forward angle from the orifice opening, and the circumferential wall has an internal diameter which increases continuously from the rearward end of the rinsing area up to the orifice opening.

Abstract: 1. An apparatus for treating a measuring probe has a treatment chamber (104) with a chamber inlet (106) and a chamber outlet (108). A conveyor device (110) selectively conveys one of a plurality of treatment media (G, W, R, E, Z) from its respective supply port (118a, 118b, 118c, 118d, 118e) to the chamber inlet (106) and into the treatment chamber (104). The conveyor device (110) has a collector conduit (120) and a conveyor pump (122), the latter arranged between the collector conduit (120) and the chamber inlet (106). Each of the supply ports (118a, 118b, 118c, 118d, 118e) has its own shutter device (124a, 124b, 124c, 124d, 124e) arranged directly at the collector conduit (120).