Abstract: A plurality of glass plates are positioned under upper units capable of bending and/or transferring those plates, the pick up and release of each plate being independent of each other. The plates are bent either on the upper station, or on a lower unit onto which they are released from the upper station. The plates are subsequently subjected to tempering. Mass production of tempered glass plates at both high quality and high output levels is thus achieved.

Abstract: Apparatus for bending glass plates provides a conveyor of serverable sections, each of which feeds glass plates to separate stations for bending the glass plates, the glass plates having first passed through a reheating furnace. The stations for bending or transfer employ a common upper unit, which is provided with a plurality of means for retaining the glass by aspiration under a vacuum. Each means for retaining the glass plate, and vacuum means associated therewith, is operable independently, such that the glass plates can be aspirated and released at each station independently of the actions of the remaining stations. After having been bent or shaped either on the upper retaining means, or lower bending units provided thereunder, the glass plates may be subjected to temper. Mass production of bent or shaped, and tempered, glass plates, with high, reproducible quality, and varying requirements, is made possible through such a system.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of a convexing/tempering installation for the manufacture of flat sheet glass or, in general, of glass not bent into convex shape on said installation. It proposes passing glass plates are passed through a conventional convexing/tempering installation, omitting the convexing operation, providing additional heating in the space initially set aside for convexing and/or modifying the tempering conditions initially provided for glass bent into convex shape in said installation. It makes it possible to take advantage of a given convexing/tempering installation for manufacturing tempered flat sheet glass or for heating glass plates with a view to having them bent into convex shape in another installation.

Abstract: Preformed, two-ply, optical, energy-absorbing, flexible polyurethane sheet including a self-healing surface and a surface which is adhesive under the influence of heat and pressure; bilayer glazing laminates and bilayer automotive safety windshields including said two-ply sheet; said two-ply sheet comprises a self-healing ply and an energy-absorbing adhesive plyurethane ply which is prepared preferably by reactive-casting on a horizontal support and formed preferably from a polyisocyanate monomer including from about 2 to about 10 wt. % of urea groups.

Abstract: Preformed, two-ply, optical, energy-absorbing, flexible polyurethane sheet including a self-healing surface and a surface which is adhesive under the influence of heat and pressure; bilayer glazing laminates and bilayer automotive safety windshields including said two-ply sheet; said two-ply sheet comprises a self-healing ply and an energy-absorbing adhesive polyurethane ply which is prepared preferably by reactive-casting on a horizontal support and formed preferably from a polyisocyanate monomer including from about 2 to about 10 wt. % of urea groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to air tempering of glass in flat tempering installations. It proposes blowing air, particularly at sonic speed, with nozzles, preferably tubular, slightly distant from the glass, exhibiting the maximum loss of pressure at their free end close to the glass. It makes possible the tempering, under economically advantageous conditions, of glass sheets having thicknesses less than 2 mm and all the more so, glass sheets having greater thicknesses, which can be used as glasses, particularly windshields, for motor vehicles.

Abstract: In glass tempering using a cooling gas, the impact of gas jets on glass is modified through the use of perturbations to which said jets are subject. The perturbations may be introduced laterally with respect to the tempering jets, and spaced from the opening providing said tempering jets. The characteristics of the perturbations vary cyclically. The invention makes it possible to obtain homogeneous tempering, even for highly bulged glass sheets.

Abstract: Preformed, energy-absorbing, scratch resistant, optical, flexible, and self-healing polyurethane sheets, which are adhesive under the influence of heat and pressure; bilayer glazing laminates and bilayer safety windshields including said sheets; wherein said polyurethane sheet is prepared preferably by reactive-casting on a horizontal support and formed preferably from a polyisocyanate monomer including about 2 to about 10 wt. % of urea groups.

Abstract: Preformed, energy-absorbing, scratch resistant, optical, flexible, and self-healing polyurethane sheets, which are adhesive under the influence of heat and pressure; bilayer glazing laminates and bilayer safety windshields including said sheets; wherein said polyurethane sheet is prepared preferably by reactive-casting on a horizontal support and formed preferably from a polyisocyanate monomer including about 2 to about 10 wt. % of urea groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pane coated with a metal oxide coating, particularly a pane for an automobile window.The inventive pane bears a coating on its face intended to be disposed on the interior of the vehicle, which coating is comprised of a metal oxide of low emissivity.Such a pane improves the physiological comfort of the passengers, particularly during cold periods.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermal quenching or tempering of glass by means of a gaseous jet directed by nozzles.According to the inventive method, the nozzles are supplied with gas and liquid under a pressure which enables the jet velocity attained at the exit of the nozzles to be at least sonic, said jet being comprised of a mixture of a gas and a finely divided liquid.In particular the gas may be air and the liquid water.The invention may be applied to vertical or horizontal quenching or tempering of sheets or other items of glass.

Abstract: The object of the invention is an apparatus for the preliminary or final assembly of sheets of glass and/or plastic material for forming laminated glazings.The apparatus according to the invention comprises a lower pinching means following a curvature transversal to the bottom side of the rigid support of the glazing, a flexible, cylindrical pressure roller placed above the lower pinching means, means bearing on the pressure roller to give it the desired curvature, and means providing a rotational drive of the pressure roller and/or the lower pinching means.The invention is applicable to the manufacture of laminated glazings, particularly for automobile glazings or flat glass used in construction.