Abstract: A scissors sharpening apparatus includes a motor driven sharpening member having an abrasive surface. A magnetic guide is arranged to position the scissors blade at a fixed angle relative to the principle plane of the abrasive surface in such a manner that the magnet of the guide has the axis of its poles oriented nominally perpendicular to the flat face of the blade and nominally parallel to the principle plane of the abrasive surface.

Abstract: A knife sharpener includes a sharpening member having a flat outer face with abrasive particles mounted thereon. The sharpening member is orbitally driven to impart an orbital motion to each of the particles of no greater than 3/8 inch effective diameter and an orbital velocity of no greater than 1500 feet per minute.

Abstract: A knife sharpening apparatus includes a moving abrasive surface. A magnetic guide has a guide surface in a plane disposed at a predetermined angle which intersects the plane of the abrasive surface. The magnetic guide is made from a magnetized material having opposite polarity north and south magnetic pole faces with a first ferromagnetic member located against one pole and a second non-planar ferromagnetic member located in part against the other pole and in part extending parallel to the guide surface and contiguous to the magnetized material. The second ferromagnetic member is located at the surface remote from the abrasive surface.

Abstract: A knife sharpener is provided with a pre-sharpening section and with two honing sections. The pre-sharpening section includes a pair of spring biased back to back rotary disks. The honing sections include orbitally driven sharpening members.

Abstract: A knife or blade is sharpened by using an apparatus which includes a magnetic guide having a magnetic knife guide surface in a plane at an angle to and intersecting the abrasive surface to form a line of intersection therewith. The magnetic guide surface has north and south magnetic poles along lines substantially parallel to the line of intersection. One pole is along a portion of the guide surface remote from the abrasive surface and the other pole is along a portion of the guide surface contiguous to the abrasive surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sharpening knives, and the like where fixed abrasive elements on an orbiting surface in contact with the knife cutting edge facet move in a mechanically generated uniform cyclic orbit of circumference less than about one (1) inch and through that motion provides the work and energy to sharpen the knife or blade edge. The apparatus provides a circumferential velocity of the abrasive element of less than 800 feet per minute and restrains motion of the abrasive surface to less than .+-.0.005 inch in a direction perpendicular to the intended plane of the knife or knife edge facet. The apparatus contains novel magnetic device to steady, guide and control position and angle of the face of the blade relative to the orbiting abrasive elements, to realign any burr or sharpening debris on the knife edge, to control in part the abrading forces, and to remove sharpening debris from the abrasive surface and sharpening zone.

Abstract: A process is described for applying, under vacuum, a photoresist-forming layer to a surface, such as a printed circuit board, whereby a laminate without entrapped air bubbles is obtained. The surface to which the photoresist-forming layer is applied has raised areas, such as circuit lines, which are completely enveloped by the layer.