Abstract: A produced water bacterial pretreatment method which includes a) optionally adjusting a pH and a temperature of a produced water containing bacteria; b) adding a cysteine protease to said produced water; c) allowing said cysteine protease to inactivate said bacteria, thus producing pretreated produced water; and d) introducing said pretreated produced water into a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation is provided.

Abstract: The current application generally relates to the use of cysteine proteases in water pretreatment that reduce or eliminate premature enzymatic breakage of polysaccharide injection fluids. Plant enzymes can be used as a control method to interrupt bacterium capabilities to interact and destroy polysaccharidases and other enzymes that may prematurely break frack fluids and other biological thickening agents. Possible enzymes come from a group of proteins known as cystine endopeptidases such as bromelain, papain, calpain, and ficain, and the like.

Abstract: Compounds of the current invention relate to rifamycin derivatives having antimicrobial activities, including activities against drug-resistant microorganisms. More specifically, compounds of the current invention relate to C-25 carbamate derivatives of rifamycin having another functional group or pharmacophore covalently attached to this position through a carbamate linkage. The resulting compounds exert their antimicrobial activity through a dual-function mechanism and therefore exhibit reduced frequency of resistance.

Abstract: Compounds of the current invention relate to rifamycin derivatives having antimicrobial activities, including activities against drug-resistant microorganisms. More specifically, compounds of the current invention relate to C-25 carbamate derivatives of rifamycin having another functional group or pharmacophore covalently attached to this position through a carbamate linkage. The resulting compounds exert their antimicrobial activity through a dual-function mechanism and therefore exhibit reduced frequency of resistance.

Abstract: A method for shifting from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio in a vehicle is provided. The method includes defining a variable shift schedule comprising at least two gear ratio change parameters. The gear ratio parameters are defined by a pair of engine variables relating to vehicle performance. The method also includes measuring the pair of engine variables to obtain values indicative of vehicle performance for the first gear ratio. The method further includes comparing the values to the two gear ratio change parameters to detect a variable shift condition known to require changing of the first gear ratio. The method also includes shifting from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio when the variable shift condition is detected.

Abstract: A vehicle, having an engine (20) and a transmission (26), also includes an integrated assembly (24) between the engine (20) and transmission (26) which includes both a torque converter assembly (32) and an integrated starter-generator (ISG) assembly (36). The ISG assembly (36) is mounted between the torque converter assembly (32) and the transmission (26), with an ISG rotor (56) rotationally coupled to an impeller (42) through an assembly having compliance to allow for proper assembly and operation of the integrated assembly (24).

Abstract: A vehicle, having an engine (20) and a transmission (26), also includes an integrated assembly (24) between the engine (20) and transmission (26) which includes both a torque converter assembly (32) and an integrated starter-generator (ISG) assembly (36). The ISG assembly (36) is mounted between the torque converter assembly (32) and the transmission (26), with an ISG rotor (56) rotationally coupled to an impeller (42) through an assembly having compliance to allow for proper assembly and operation of the integrated assembly (24).

Abstract: In one aspect of the invention, a method for shifting from a first gear ratio to a second gear ratio in a vehicle is provided. The method includes defining a variable shift schedule comprising at least two gear ratio change parameters. The gear ratio parameters are defined by a pair of engine variables relating to vehicle performance. The method also includes measuring the pair of engine variables to obtain values indicative of vehicle performance for the first gear ratio. The method further includes comparing the values to the two gear ratio change parameters to detect a variable shift condition known to require changing of the first gear ratio. The method also includes shifting from the first gear ratio to the second gear ratio when the variable shift condition is detected.