Abstract: A burner including a body having an air inlet at a first end and an outlet at a second end. A gas supply tube is disposed in the body and includes an air swirler and a nozzle at an end thereof. A plurality of outer gas spuds are disposed radially outwardly of the burner outlet, the outer gas spuds including a tube and a spud tip having a first set of openings that are directed generally parallel to an axis of the tube of the outer gas spuds and a second set of openings that are directed at an angle of at least ten degrees to the axis of the tube.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for treating exhaust from a solid fuel combustion system such as a furnace or boiler and includes combusting a material in the combustion chamber and separating fly ash and char from a flue gas stream. The separated fly ash and char mixture is then separated further by separating smaller ash particles from larger char particles. The larger char particles are then reduced in size by a reducing device such as a grinder or crusher. Char particles that have been reduced in size by the grinder or crusher are then reinjected into the combustion chamber for re-burning.