Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid proteinaceous molecule comprising at least two proteins capable of inhibiting the activity of at least one antibiotic, the proteins each having different biochemical properties and being bonded to one another. The hybrid proteinaceous molecule inhibits the activity of a least one antibiotic in order to reduce the intestinal side effects of antibiotics, such as severe diarrhoea caused by the antibiotics, and nosocomial infections secondary to parenteral antibiotic therapy.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting a known function, from nucleic acids present in a sample, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (a) preparing, from the nucleic acids of the sample, nucleic acid molecules comprising the gene(s) coding for the protein(s) corresponding to said function, and the control elements required for the transcription and the translation of said gene(s); (b) in vitro transcription and translation of the nucleic acid molecule prepared in step (a); (c) detecting and/or measuring the function corresponding to the protein(s) produced in step (b).

Abstract: Ligation-mediated method of recombining polynucleotides in vitro. Polynucleotides from a library are fragmented and the fragments are hybridized to an assembly template. The hybridized fragments are iteratively re-hybridized and ligated until the ends of the hybridized fragments are adjacent to the ends of other hybridized fragments on the assembly template. A final ligation produces recombined polynucleotides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fragmentation process that depends on mismatches between two strands of parental polynucleotides. One embodiment, comprises a method for preparing polynucleotide fragments of DNA comprising formation of heteroduplex molecules by hybridizing polynucleotides. The invention also provides a method and process of forming fragments which can be used with any shuffling process or combination of shuffling processes.

Abstract: The object of this invention is a process for the creation of at least one recombinant polynucleotide sequence comprising a step of oriented ligation of fragments derived from a bank of at least two polynucleotide sequences, and optionally cloning the recombinant polynucleotide sequences, and the selection of polynucleotide sequences offering advantageous characteristics compared to one or several reference sequences.

Abstract: Ligation-mediated method of recombining polynucleotides in vitro. Polynucleotides from a library are fragmented and the fragments are hybridized to an assembly template. The hybridized fragments are iteratively re-hybridized and ligated until the ends of the hybridized fragments are adjacent to the ends of other hybridized fragments on the assembly template. A final ligation produces recombined polynucleotides.

Abstract: Ligation-mediated method of recombining polynucleotides in vitro. Polynucleotides from a library are fragmented and the fragments are hybridized to an assembly template. The hybridized fragments are iteratively re-hybridized and ligated until the ends of the hybridized fragments are adjacent to the ends of other hybridized fragments on the assembly template. A final ligation produces recombined polynucleotides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detection in vitro of a target substance in a sample. The sample can comprise, among other things, a nucleic sequence or more generally any type of substance. In particular, the present invention provides a method of detection comprising (i) specificly labeling a substance with a reporter gene and any sequences necessary for the in vitro expression of the reporter gene; (ii) in vitro transcription and translation of the reporter gene; and (iii) in vitro detection of a reporter protein coded by the reporter gene.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for producing a hybridization complex whose stability is substantially independent of the base composition of two hybridized nucleic acid molecules, consisting in contacting a first nucleic acid molecule with a second nucleic acid molecule under conditions enabling the formation of a specific hybridization complex. The invention is characterized in that at least one of the four types of bases contained in the sequence of the first and/or of the second nucleic acid molecule is a modified base having pairing properties close to those of the natural base it replaces, such that at least one of the two types of the base pair contained in the composition of the complex comprises a modified base and in that the totality of the base pairs contained in the composition of the said complex has a like stability.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for determining the activity of a substance using a functional test, characterized in that it consists in detecting and/or measuring the variation of a known function corresponding to one or several proteins produced in vitro in the presence and in the absence of said substances or to the substance in the presence or in the absence of one or several proteins produces in vitro.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fragmentation process that depends on mismatches between two strands of parental polynucleotides. One embodiment, comprises a method for preparing polynucleotide fragments of DNA comprising formation of heteroduplex molecules by hybridizing polynucleotides. The invention also provides a method and process of forming fragments which can be used with any shuffling process or combination of shuffling processes.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of a miniature device for separating and isolating biological objects for various applications in the field of molecular biology, methods for making DNA or protein chips in particular, and the DNA or protein chips obtained by using said methods.

Abstract: The invention concerns a miniature device for separating and isolating biological objects, the use of said device for isolating, separating, culturing and/or analysing biological objects and a method for separating and isolating biological objects using said device.

Abstract: Method and kit for using in vitro expression to discover nucleic acids that encode desired functions. Either the existence, presence, identity, properties or function of one or more of the nucleic acids from the sample is unknown to at least the experimenter performing the method or using the kit.

Abstract: The object of this invention is a process for the creation of at least one recombinant polynucleotide sequence comprising a step of oriented ligation of fragments derived from a bank of at least two polynucleotide sequences, and optionally cloning the recombinant polynucleotide sequences, and the selection of polynucleotide sequences offering advantageous characteristics compared to one or several reference sequences.

Abstract: Method of gene shuffling using oriented ligation, whereby at least two fragments are adjacently hybridized on an assembly template. Invention is particularly aimed at generating novel polynucleotides that differ in some advantageous respect compared to a reference sequence. Invention further includes sequences created by the method, hosts and vectors containing same, and proteins translated therefrom.

Abstract: Method of gene shuffling using hybridization of fragments on assembly templates, wherein the fragments are not themselves the templates. Invention is particularly aimed at generating novel polynucleotides that differ in some advantageous respect compared to a reference sequence. Invention further includes reaction mixtures created by or during the method, sequences created by the method, hosts and vectors containing same, and proteins translated therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the separation and characterization of the functions potentially present in a biological sample containing nucleic acids, characterized in that it comprises the steps of preparation of nucleic acid fragments starting from said sample, association of each one of said fragments with a vector molecule, isolation of each fragment associated with a vector molecule or with a part of each construction composed of a fragment associated with a vector molecule, in vitro treatment of each fragment associated with a vector molecule or of a part of each construction composed of a fragment associated with a vector molecule to obtain transcripts, and testing of the function of the transcripts or of the proteins encoded thereby after translation of said transcripts.

Abstract: The abstract discloses a method for preparing supports for the assay of chemical or biological substances, consisting in preparing N different supports, each being homogeneous for a type of reaction, then in mutually combining, according to a predetermined arrangement, all or part of the said homogenous N supports to constitute assay supports having each an ordered set of reaction zones of N different types or less. The invention also concerns the assay supports prepared by this method and their use in processes of immunological hybridisation assays.

Abstract: The object of this invention is a process for the creation of at least one recombinant polynucleotide sequence comprising a step of oriented ligation of fragments derived from a bank of at least two polynucleotide sequences, and optionally cloning the recombinant polynucleotide sequences, and the selection of polynucleotide sequences offering advantageous characteristics compared to one or several reference sequences.