Abstract: An exercise fitness machine is configured for vertical lift exercises. Resistance is provided by a fan-flywheel arrangement, with flexible inextensible cables connected to the ends of a horizontal barbell member such that a vertical lift motion rotates the fan-flywheel to create a greater force on the concentric exercise phase, but a reduced force on the return or eccentric phase. This may be configured for shoulder presses, squats, curls, or bench press exercises.

Abstract: Photodynamic therapy-based methods of treating diseases such as cancer and malaria are disclosed. These methods include administering 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), luminol and artemisinin (ART). ART and ALA administered in combination with luminol can kill malaria parasites without host toxicity. In some aspects, the methods further include administration of a luminol enhancer such as 4-iodophenol. The disclosed methods can also be used to remove potential malaria pathogens from the blood supply.

Abstract: Photodynamic therapy-based methods of treating diseases such as cancer and malaria are disclosed. These methods include administering 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), luminol and artemisinin (ART). ART and ALA administered in combination with luminol can kill malaria parasites without host toxicity. In some aspects, the methods further include administration of a luminol enhancer such as 4-iodophenol. The disclosed methods can also be used to remove potential malaria pathogens from the blood supply.

Abstract: A circuit to control an AC lamp current provided by an input AC voltage supply to a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL). The circuit includes a capacitor connected in series between the AC voltage supply and one terminal of the CCFL, the capacitor biasing the CCFL with the AC lamp current; a switch having first, second, and control terminals, the first terminal being connected to the CCFL and the second terminal being connected to the other side of the supply; a diode connected in parallel to the switch; and a resistor connected in parallel to the diode, wherein the AC lamp current is controlled by controlling the switch to add and remove resistance in series with the CCFL.

Abstract: A circuit to control an AC lamp current provided by an input AC voltage supply to a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL). The circuit includes a capacitor connected in series between the AC voltage supply and one terminal of the CCFL, the capacitor biasing the CCFL with the AC lamp current; a switch having first, second, and control terminals, the first terminal being connected to the CCFL and the second terminal being connected to the other side of the supply; a diode connected in parallel to the switch; and a resistor connected in parallel to the diode, wherein the AC lamp current is controlled by controlling the switch to add and remove resistance in series with the CCFL.

Abstract: A cross-coupled bandgap circuit (10, 30) generates a stable voltage reference (Vref) at an output port (12, 32). The circuit comprises a cross-coupled current source (14, 34) coupled to a Wilson current mirror (16,36) mirroring a first current through the current source (14,34) to a current sink (18, 38), and also to a voltage generator generating the stable voltage reference. The circuit may be implemented in bi-polar, Bi-CMOS or CMOS circuitry, and is very stable across varying temperatures, varying and noisy operating voltages, between low and high operating voltages, and is stable at low operating currents.