Abstract: An electrode system includes an electrode, a connector, and a cable with an in-line radio-frequency filter module comprising resistors and inductors without any deliberately added capacitance. The resistors are arranged in an alternating series of resistors and inductors, preferably with resistors at both outer ends, and connected electrically in series. The in-line module is located at a specific location along the wire, chosen through computer modeling and real-world testing for minimum transfer of received RF energy to a patient's skin, such as between 1OO cm and 150 cm from the electrode end of a 240 centimeter cable. The total resistance of the resistors plus cable, connectors and solder is 1000 ohms or less; while the total inductance is roughly 1560 nanohenries. The inductors do not include ferrite or other magnetic material and are, together with the resistors, stock components thereby simplifying manufacture and reducing cost.

Abstract: An electrode system includes an electrode, a connector, and a cable with an in-line radio-frequency filter module comprising resistors and inductors without any deliberately added capacitance. The resistors are arranged in an alternating series of resistors and inductors, preferably with resistors at both outer ends, and connected electrically in series. The in-line module is located at a specific location along the wire, chosen through computer modeling and real-world testing for minimum transfer of received RF energy to a patient's skin, such as between 100 cm and 150 cm from the electrode end of a 240 centimeter cable. The total resistance of the resistors plus cable, connectors and solder is 1000 ohms or less; while the total inductance is roughly 1560 nanohenries. The inductors do not include ferrite or other magnetic material and are, together with the resistors, stock components thereby simplifying manufacture and reducing cost.

Abstract: Disclosed are aspects of an electrode system and method that include an electrode, a connector, and a cable with one or more inline frequency filter modules comprising one or more inductors wired in series, and without any added capacitance. The one or more inline filter modules are placed along the cable and provide filtering of RF energy, thus minimizing the accumulation of heat at the electrode to patient connection. Further, in some aspects, the one or more inline filter modules are located at one or more specific locations along the cable, chosen through computer modeling and real-world testing, for minimum transfer of received RF energy to a patient's skin from the electrode.

Abstract: An electrode system includes an electrode, a connector, and a cable with an in- line radio-frequency filter module comprising resistors and inductors without any deliberately added capacitance. The resistors are arranged in an alternating series of resistors and inductors, preferably with resistors at both outer ends, and connected electrically in series. The in-line module is located at a specific location along the wire, chosen through computer modeling and real-world testing for minimum transfer of received RF energy to a patient's skin, such as between 100 cm and 150 cm from the electrode end of a 240 centimeter cable. The total resistance of the resistors plus cable, connectors and solder is 1000 ohms or less; while the total inductance is roughly 1560 nanohenries. The inductors do not include ferrite or other magnetic material and are, together with the resistors, stock components thereby simplifying manufacture and reducing cost.

Abstract: An electrode system includes an electrode, a connector, and a cable with an in-line radio-frequency filter module comprising resistors and inductors without any deliberately added capacitance. The resistors are arranged in an alternating series of resistors and inductors, preferably with resistors at both outer ends, and connected electrically in series. The in-line module is located at a specific location along the wire, chosen through computer modeling and real-world testing for minimum transfer of received RF energy to a patient's skin, such as between 100 cm and 150 cm from the electrode end of a 240 centimeter cable. The total resistance of the resistors plus cable, connectors and solder is 1000 ohms or less; while the total inductance is roughly 1560 nanohenries. The inductors do not include ferrite or other magnetic material and are, together with the resistors, stock components thereby simplifying manufacture and reducing cost.

Abstract: A cable management system is used in neurological monitoring and imaging procedures, particularly MRI. The system enables quickly disconnecting and quickly and accurately reconnecting the patient to the neurological monitoring equipment. The cable management system uses plural color-coded, two-part, cable pairs that include an electrode cable and an extension cable in each pair. The electrode and the short electrode cable remain attached to the patent during monitoring while the extension cable is disconnected and removed. A plug and socket combination that connects in a preselected orientation that enables the two parts to be quickly and accurately disconnected and reconnected. Metal is minimized in the electrode and electrode conductor in part by its short length, it thinness, the use of metal coating on plastic electrodes, and the use of alternative conductive materials.

Abstract: An electrode assembly includes a handle, holder, and electrode with an electrical conductor. The electrode is loaded into the holder with its attached conductor. The holder includes a protective cap, a resilient button with a flange, an alignment ring, two plungers each with a spring, and a retention ring. The flange and retention ring both have plural holes in registration and with posts depending from the alignment ring in order to hold the retention ring in place. Inside the button are two plungers, one on top of the other, and each with its own spring resisting downward pressure. Once the cap is removed from the button, the holder is placed against the skin of a patient, and the button is pressed, the top plunger pushes the bottom plunger against the skin of the patient and then the electrode from the protection ring, thereby ejecting the electrode.

Abstract: A fluidized bed boiler or reactor comprising a housing, a reaction (furnace) chamber within the housing, air distribution means within the reaction chamber, a plurality of perimeter walls approximately vertically disposed and arranged about the interior walls of the housing so as to define the reaction chamber, wherein the improvement comprises: providing at least a portion of the vertically disposed perimeter walls with an outward slope sufficient to reduce or eliminate erosion of the perimeter walls caused by impact from entrained solid particles contained within the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus to reduce or eliminate fluid bed erosion in fluidized bed combustion boilers by increasing the fire-side tube temperature by adding appropriately dimensioned longitudinal or circumferential fins to the inbed heat exchange tubes in the reactor.

Abstract: A fluidized bed boiler having a water-wall type construction has a steam-water natural circulation system for heat exchange. Vertical in-bed heat exchange tubes are provided and the steam drum of the boiler extends across the full length of the boiler combustion chamber and the convection heat exchange chamber. An air distributor grate is provided for introduction of fluidizing air into the combustion chamber and the air flow therefrom can be controlled to afford a flexible turn-down capability.

Abstract: A fluidized bed heat exchanger is provided in which air is passed through a bed of particulate material containing fuel. A steam-water natural circulation system is provided for heat exchange and the housing of the heat exchanger has a water-wall type construction. Vertical in-bed heat exchange tubes are provided and the air distributor is water-cooled. A water-cooled dust hopper is provided in the housing to collect particulates from the combustion gases and separate the combustion zone from a volume within said housing in which convection heat exchange tubes are provided to extract heat from the exiting combustion gases.