Abstract: A method for locating a center of a field of view of an optical element using a system having a surface disposed at a first illumination, an image receiver, a blocker disposed at a second illumination, the method including disposing the blocker at, at least one location in the field of view upon the surface in a first direction when the brightness of an image within the field of view of the optical element is disposed at a brightness and recording a first location of the blocker; repeating the disposing step in a second direction and at the brightness, wherein the second direction is opposite the first direction and each of the first direction and the second direction is parallel to the surface; and averaging the first location and the second location to yield the center of the field of view of the optical element in the first direction.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatuses are provided that facilitate structured and semi-structured discussion environments for educational and commercial uses. The embodiments may allow students to participate in live, text-based chat groups to discuss any topic. Moreover, the embodiments may include analytical features to allow educators and administrators to track a wide variety of metrics relating to student behaviors, progress and/or discourse.