Abstract: A device for electrically connecting a plurality of batteries includes a member including a handle and two arms extending from the handle. The handle includes a first portion, a second portion spaced apart from the first portion, and a connector extending between the first portion and the second portion. The member also includes a contact coupled to a first of the two arms for contacting at least a portion of a battery terminal when the device is secured to a battery. The first of the two arms is configured for securing the device to a first side of a battery and a second of the two arms is configured for securing the device to a second side of the battery.

Abstract: A method and system of providing digital communications over frequencies concurrently utilized for analog communications. In one embodiment, the method (400) includes the step of establishing (410) a digital channel including two or more analog channels that are concurrently used to provide analog communications. A spread spectrum digital waveform is generated (420) having its energy spread throughout the bandwidth of the digital channel. The spread spectrum digital waveform is modulated (420) to include information to be communicated digitally and transmitted (430) over the digital channel. The transmitted modulated spread spectrum digital waveform is received (450) and demodulated (460) to obtain the information.

Abstract: Systems and methods for accurately determining the position of a satellite such as, for example, a geostationary satellite. In one embodiment, a satellite position determination system (10) includes an uplink station (20), a transceiver (50) onboard the satellite (12), a plurality of receiver stations (30A-30D), and a master station (40). A time stamped message included in an uplink signal (80) is transmitted from the uplink station (20), received by the transceiver (50), and rebroadcast without modification in a ubiquitous regional broadcast signal (90) from the transceiver (50). The message is received by the receiver stations (30A-30D) from the signal (90) and is retransmitted from each receiver station (30A-30D) via dedicated communication links (70A-70D) to the master station (40). The master station (40) determines the three-dimensional position of the satellite based on time differentials of arrival in the retransmitted rebroadcast messages.