Abstract: An apparatus, method and system for resolving an n-number of photons from an optical source multiphoton event, the apparatus includes a cryostat includes a single-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) configured to receive an optical signal and therefrom produce a corresponding electrical signal, and a current bias source configured to supply a bias current to the SNSPD.

Abstract: A system, and methods, for transmitting quantum states between a first node and a second node, or among more than two nodes. Each node is characterized by an instantaneous spatial position, and the instantaneous spatial position of the second node is repositionable within a frame of reference associated with the first node. A hovering drone is adapted either for running a quantum key transmission protocol in secure communication with the first node, and/or for running a quantum key reception protocol in secure communication with the second node. Either drone may serve as a relay of optical data between a base station and another drone. Secure communication among more than two nodes may be reconfigured.

Abstract: A system, and methods, for transmitting quantum states between a first node and a second node, or among more than two nodes. Each node is characterized by an instantaneous spatial position, and the instantaneous spatial position of the second node is repositionable within a frame of reference associated with the first node. A hovering drone is adapted either for running a quantum key transmission protocol in secure communication with the first node, and/or for running a quantum key reception protocol in secure communication with the second node. Either drone may serve as a relay of optical data between a base station and another drone. Secure communication among more than two nodes may be reconfigured.

Abstract: A system, and methods, for transmitting encrypted information as a quantum transmission between a first node and a second node, or among more than two nodes. Each node is characterized by an instantaneous spatial position, and the instantaneous spatial position of the second node is repositionable within a frame of reference associated with the first node. A hovering drone is adapted either for running a quantum key transmission protocol in secure communication with the first node, and/or for running a quantum key reception protocol in secure communication with the second node. Either drone may serve as a relay of optical data between a base station and another drone. Secure communication among more than two nodes may be reconfigured.

Abstract: A system, and methods, for transmitting encrypted information as a quantum transmission between a first node and a second node, or among more than two nodes. Each node is characterized by an instantaneous spatial position, and the instantaneous spatial position of the second node is repositionable within a frame of reference associated with the first node. A hovering drone is adapted either for running a quantum key transmission protocol in secure communication with the first node, and/or for running a quantum key reception protocol in secure communication with the second node. Either drone may serve as a relay of optical data between a base station and another drone. Secure communication among more than two nodes may be reconfigured.

Abstract: According to the invention, a highly optically dispersive medium is one in which the absolute value of the group index of refraction of the medium is equal to or greater than four. An optical spectroscopic parameter detection and/or measurement apparatus may be in the form of an interferometer, a spectral interferometer, a spectrometer, a wavemeter, a tunable narrowband filter The embodied devices include a highly dispersive medium that appropriately can facilitate either a slow-light effect or a fast-light effect, which is disposed in a propagation path of an electro-magnetic (EM) input field and, a detector disposed in a manner to detect an output field resulting from the input filed interaction with the highly dispersive medium. Methods involve measuring a spectroscopic parameter using an optical spectroscopic parameter detection and/or measurement apparatus that incorporates a highly dispersive medium.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention pertain to the optical phenomena of ‘slow-light’ and ‘fast-light’, provided by a highly optically dispersive medium; that is, one in which the absolute value of the group index of refraction of the medium is equal to or greater than four. Apparatus embodiments of the invention are directed to an optical spectroscopic parameter detection and/or measurement apparatus. In various non-limiting aspects, the apparatus may be in the form of an interferometer, a spectral interferometer, a spectrometer, a wavemeter, a tunable narrowband filter, and other such devices. Various non-limiting, exemplary apparatus may include a two-beam interferometer, a multiple-beam interferometer, a grating-based interferometer/spectrometer, a Fourier-Transform interferometer, and others.

Abstract: An optical isolator is disclosed that is particularly useful in the visible, infrared, and near-infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The rotator portion of the isolator produces a highly uniform magnetic intensity across its clear aperture. The optical isolator comprises a Faraday rotator that defines an optical axis, a respective polarizer on each end of the Faraday rotator and positioned on the optical axis, and a housing containing the Faraday rotator and the polarizers. The Faraday rotator comprises an optical rotator rod that defines the optical axis and a magnet assembly surrounding the optical rotator rod. The magnet assembly comprises eight trapezoidal cross section magnet sections arranged in a first group of four and a second group of four.

Abstract: A phase conjugate interferometer has a partially reflective conventional mirror placed in front of and in close proximity to a phase conjugate mirror using internally self pumped phase conjugation in barium titanate or other photorefractive material. The reflective surface may be the surface of the phase conjugate mirror. An optical system under test is illuminated with coherent light and the wavefront at the exit pupil thereof is imaged through a beam splitter onto the reflective surface (imaging being unnecessary if the distance between the exit pupil and the reflective surface is sufficiently small that negligible diffraction occurs over that distance). Part of the wavefront is reflected at the reflective surface of the partially reflecting conventional mirror. The transmitted portion of the wavefront is incident on the phase conjugate mirror where a wavefront reversed replica of the incident wave is produced and reflected.