Abstract: Dual air source automotive air filter systems are disclosed. The dual source automotive filter includes an outer filter, an inner filter at least partially inside the outer filter defining a combined airstream volume between an interior side of the outer filter and an exterior side of the inner filter, an external air source inlet in flow communication with an interior volume of the inner filter, and a combined airstream outlet in flow communication with the combined airstream volume. The system may include a housing in which the filter is installed. A method of installing the dual source automotive filter system in a vehicle is also disclosed.

Abstract: A spindle with cooling fins is disclosed. The spindle has raised cooling fins on an outside exterior surface. The fins create cooling channels which direct air upward when the vehicle is in motion. The redirected air passes over and around the brake and hub assemblies. This effectively dissipates heat from the brake and hub assemblies and will help to prevent overheating and premature failure of the parts.

Abstract: A spindle with cooling fins is disclosed. The spindle has raised cooling fins on an outside exterior surface. The fins create cooling channels which direct air upward when the vehicle is in motion. The redirected air passes over and around the brake and hub assemblies. This effectively dissipates heat from the brake and hub assemblies and will help to prevent overheating and premature failure of the parts.