Abstract: In one aspect, implantable wireless microstimulators are described herein. In some embodiments, a microstimulator described herein includes an energy harvesting circuit configured to receive an input signal and generate an electrical signal based on the received input signal. The microstimulator further comprises a diode rectifier in series with the energy harvesting circuit. The diode rectifier is configured to rectify the electrical signal. The energy harvesting circuit and the diode rectifier can be encapsulated within a biocompatible electrically insulating material. Additionally, in some cases, an electrical interface is exposed through the biocompatible electrically insulating material. A microstimulator described herein can also include a nerve cuff. The nerve cuff can be configured to receive a monophasic neural stimulation pulse through the electrical interface of the micro stimulator.

Abstract: In one aspect, implantable wireless microstimulators are described herein. In some embodiments, a microstimulator described herein includes an energy harvesting circuit configured to receive an input signal and generate an electrical signal based on the received input signal. The microstimulator further comprises a diode rectifier in series with the energy harvesting circuit. The diode rectifier is configured to rectify the electrical signal. The energy harvesting circuit and the diode rectifier can be encapsulated within a biocompatible electrically insulating material. Additionally, in some cases, an electrical interface is exposed through the biocompatible electrically insulating material. A microstimulator described herein can also include a nerve cuff The nerve cuff can be configured to receive a monophasic neural stimulation pulse through the electrical interface of the micro stimulator.

Abstract: A codebook excited speech coder analyzes speech to produce coefficients of a synthesis filter, the parameters of a long-term prediction filter (LTP) and a codeword indication one of a set of excitations. The results are transmitted to a receiver where they can be used to resynthesize the speech. The LTP and excitation analysis involve generation of impulse response products by adding additional terms to products already formed and storing them in a store. Multiplication of these products by excitation terms is performed using a pointer table storing precalculated addresses of locations in the store. If some excitations are shifted versions of others, some addresses can be obtained by modifying other addresses. The LTP analysis may include selection between a simple delay prediction and a prediction including the sum of two differently delayed terms, to provide improved predictor delay resolution.

Abstract: Apparatus generates a sequence of code instructions for execution by a programmable processor to solve a problem. In includes generating a sequence of variable value data corresponding to postulate solutions to such problem; testing the postulate solution data in a relationship to determine whether or not they correspond to the solution to the problem; and, in the event that the test cannot be logically evaluated, storing data defining a decision forming part of the sequence of instruction codes, and generating a plurality of branches of the sequence to be performed depending upon the results of the decision including more than one possible branch from the decision to be taken in the event of the same outcome of the decision, and for selecting one of the branches.