Abstract: A spark plug having one or more cooling feature(s) that reduce the temperature of a ground electrode and can be manufactured using an additive manufacturing process. The cooling feature(s) include internal cooling passages that can be filled with either a heat conducting solid (passive cooling example) or a heat conducting fluid (active cooling example). In the passive cooling example, the internal cooling passage is filled with a heat conducting solid that is inserted into the passage, melted and solidified such that it forms a metallic bond with the walls of the passage. In the active cooling example, the internal cooling passage is filled with a heat conducting fluid that flows through the passage and removes heat from the ground electrode. In both examples, internal cooling passage(s) of the ground electrode are aligned with corresponding cooling passage(s) formed in the shell.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instructions of computer-readable media may include obtaining, at a client machine, a user-selected configuration parameter for an orbit simulation; sending, from the client machine to a remote system, via a network connection, a first set of configuration parameters for the orbit simulation, wherein the first set of configuration parameters comprise the user-selected configuration parameter; receiving, at the client device from the remove device, via the network connection, a stream of orbital data comprising points along an orbit, wherein the points along the orbit are determined by the remote system based on the first set of configuration parameters; and presenting, at a display, a dynamic rendering of the orbit simulation, wherein the orbit simulation is based on the stream of orbital data.

Abstract: A device for producing a spur toothing includes a tool holder arranged for rotational drive about a drive axis and longitudinal displacement along the drive axis, and a tool arranged on the tool holder. The tool includes an end face, a mating toothing disposed on the end face and arranged for forming a spur toothing on a workpiece, and a longitudinal axis arranged at an angle to the drive axis such that the longitudinal axis meets the drive axis at a wobble point. The mating toothing has a tooth base plane and the wobble point is disposed on the drive axis in front of or behind the tooth base plane such that, through rotary drive and longitudinal displacement of the tool holder with the associated wobbling rolling of the tool on the workpiece, the spur toothing formed by the mating toothing has a number of teeth that is unequal to a number of teeth of the mating toothing.

Abstract: A spark plug having a firing tip that is attached to a ceramic-conductive interface can help promote thermal conductivity at the spark gap. The spark plug electrode includes a conductive core having a conductive weld zone and a ceramic sheath extending at least partially around the conductive core and having a sparking portion. The ceramic sheath and the conductive core form a ceramic-conductive interface at the sparking portion, the ceramic-conductive interface at least partially surrounding the conductive weld zone of the conductive core. The firing tip is bonded at the sparking portion within the conductive weld zone or bonded so as to at least partially overlap the ceramic-conductive interface.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode component and spark plug having a grain structure configured to improve erosion resistance. The spark plug electrode component in one example includes a sparking surface end plane and a sparking body comprised of a plurality of metallic grains. Each grain of the plurality of grains has a grain axis that extends through a longest extent of each grain. At the sparking surface end plane, at least 30% of the grain axes are non-orthogonally oriented with respect to the sparking surface end plane. In some examples, there are one or more layer planes at the sparking surface end plane that are offset at a non-orthogonal angle from the spark plug axis. An additive manufacturing method may be used to make the spark plug electrode component.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instructions of computer-readable media may include obtaining, at a client machine, a user-selected configuration parameter for an orbit simulation; sending, from the client machine to a remote system, via a network connection, a first set of configuration parameters for the orbit simulation, wherein the first set of configuration parameters comprise the user-selected configuration parameter; receiving, at the client device from the remove device, via the network connection, a stream of orbital data comprising points along an orbit, wherein the points along the orbit are determined by the remote system based on the first set of configuration parameters; and presenting, at a display, a dynamic rendering of the orbit simulation, wherein the orbit simulation is based on the stream of orbital data.

Abstract: A device for producing a spur toothing includes a tool holder arranged for rotational drive about a drive axis and longitudinal displacement along the drive axis, and a tool arranged on the tool holder. The tool includes an end face, a mating toothing disposed on the end face and arranged for forming a spur toothing on a workpiece, and a longitudinal axis arranged at an angle to the drive axis such that the longitudinal axis meets the drive axis at a wobble point. The mating toothing has a tooth base plane and the wobble point is disposed on the drive axis in front of or behind the tooth base plane such that, through rotary drive and longitudinal displacement of the tool holder with the associated wobbling rolling of the tool on the workpiece, the spur toothing formed by the mating toothing has a number of teeth that is unequal to a number of teeth of the mating toothing.

Abstract: A spark plug having one or more cooling feature(s) that reduce the temperature of a ground electrode and can be manufactured using an additive manufacturing process. The cooling feature(s) include internal cooling passages that can be filled with either a heat conducting solid (passive cooling example) or a heat conducting fluid (active cooling example). In the passive cooling example, the internal cooling passage is filled with a heat conducting solid that is inserted into the passage, melted and solidified such that it forms a metallic bond with the walls of the passage. In the active cooling example, the internal cooling passage is filled with a heat conducting fluid that flows through the passage and removes heat from the ground electrode. In both examples, internal cooling passage(s) of the ground electrode are aligned with corresponding cooling passage(s) formed in the shell.

Abstract: A spur toothing includes a plurality of radially extending teeth arranged on an end face, circumferentially adjacent to one another, and arranged to mesh with a mating toothing. Each tooth of the plurality of radially extending teeth has tooth flanks, a tooth tip, and a radially outer tooth profile face. A transition from the tooth flanks to the radially outer tooth profile face has a shaping radii. A tool for producing the spur toothing is also disclosed.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode with one or more electrode tip(s) formed on one or more electrode base(s) using an additive manufacturing process, such as a powder bed fusion technique, such that each electrode tip overhangs an edge of a corresponding electrode base. The spark plug electrode may be a center electrode, a ground electrode, or an annular ground electrode and can be provided according to a number of different configurations. Each electrode tip includes a precious metal-based material, such as an iridium- or platinum-based alloy, and a plurality of laser deposition layers, and each electrode tip can be secured to an electrode base with a weldless joint. An additive manufacturing process is also provided.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instructions of computer-readable media may include obtaining, at a client machine, a user-selected configuration parameter for an orbit simulation; sending, from the client machine to a remote system, via a network connection, a first set of configuration parameters for the orbit simulation, wherein the first set of configuration parameters comprise the user-selected configuration parameter; receiving, at the client device from the remove device, via the network connection, a stream of orbital data comprising points along an orbit, wherein the points along the orbit are determined by the remote system based on the first set of configuration parameters; and presenting, at a display, a dynamic rendering of the orbit simulation, wherein the orbit simulation is based on the stream of orbital data.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode with one or more electrode tip(s) formed on one or more electrode base(s) using an additive manufacturing process, such as a powder bed fusion technique, such that each electrode tip overhangs an edge of a corresponding electrode base. The spark plug electrode may be a center electrode, a ground electrode, or an annular ground electrode and can be provided according to a number of different configurations. Each electrode tip includes a precious metal-based material, such as an iridium- or platinum-based alloy, and a plurality of laser deposition layers, and each electrode tip can be secured to an electrode base with a weldless joint. An additive manufacturing process is also provided.

Abstract: A spur toothing system for a wheel bearing arrangement includes a plurality of radially extending teeth configured to axially engage mating teeth of a counter-toothing system. Each one of the radially extending teeth includes a tooth base plane, a pair of tooth flanks and a tooth tip. The tooth base is plane defined at a radial height where a width of the one of the radially extending teeth is equal to a gap between the one of the radially extending teeth and an adjacent one of the radially extending teeth. The pair of tooth flanks has a common tooth flank height measured radially from the tooth base plane and the tooth tip has a tooth tip height measured radially from the tooth base plane. The tooth tip merges tangentially into each of the pair of tooth flanks and is formed from at least two tangential radii.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode with one or more electrode tip(s) formed on one or more electrode base(s) using an additive manufacturing process, such as a powder bed fusion technique, such that each electrode tip overhangs an edge of a corresponding electrode base. The spark plug electrode may be a center electrode, a ground electrode, or an annular ground electrode and can be provided according to a number of different configurations. Each electrode tip includes a precious metal-based material, such as an iridium- or platinum-based alloy, and a plurality of laser deposition layers, and each electrode tip can be secured to an electrode base with a weldless joint. An additive manufacturing process is also provided.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode with one or more electrode tip(s) formed on one or more electrode base(s) using an additive manufacturing process, such as a powder bed fusion technique, such that each electrode tip overhangs an edge of a corresponding electrode base. The spark plug electrode may be a center electrode, a ground electrode, or an annular ground electrode and can be provided according to a number of different configurations. Each electrode tip includes a precious metal-based material, such as an iridium- or platinum-based alloy, and a plurality of laser deposition layers, and each electrode tip can be secured to an electrode base with a weldless joint. An additive manufacturing process is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing electrical energy in a vehicle, including a main energy store for storing electrical energy, an additional energy store, which can be switched over by the main energy store, a main switch for supplying the apparatus connection with a voltage provided by the main energy store, an additional switch for supplying the apparatus connection with a voltage provided by the additional energy store and a control device for switching the main switch and the additional switch over between a first switching state and a second switching state. In the first switching state, the apparatus connection is supplied with the voltage provided by the main energy store, while the additional energy store is disconnected from the apparatus connection. In the second switching state, is supplied with the voltage provided by the additional energy store, while the main energy store is disconnected from the apparatus connection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an overvoltage protection circuit (1) for protecting the electronics of a motor, in particular of an EC motor, against overvoltage pulses, with two protective devices (FS1, FS2) arranged in series connection between two connections (10, 20), wherein a resistor (R1) or (R2) is connected in parallel to each of the protective devices (FS1, FS2) and at least one capacitive element (C1) is provided in parallel connection to the first protective device (FS1), wherein the overvoltage protection circuit (1) has, between the connections (10, 20), at least a first (lower) and a second (higher) breakdown voltage point at a voltage UZ1 or UZ2 dependent on the voltage change over time k=(dU/dt) of a voltage UGA at the connections (10, 20).

Abstract: An apparatus for providing electrical energy in a vehicle, including a main energy store for storing electrical energy, an additional energy store, which can be switched over by the main energy store, a main switch for supplying the apparatus connection with a voltage provided by the main energy store, an additional switch for supplying the apparatus connection with a voltage provided by the additional energy store and a control device for switching the main switch and the additional switch over between a first switching state and a second switching state. In the first switching state, the apparatus connection is supplied with the voltage provided by the main energy store, while the additional energy store is disconnected from the apparatus connection. In the second switching state, is supplied with the voltage provided by the additional energy store, while the main energy store is disconnected from the apparatus connection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an overvoltage protection circuit (1) for protecting the electronics of a motor, in particular of an EC motor, against overvoltage pulses, with two protective devices (FS1, FS2) arranged in series connection between two connections (10, 20), wherein a resistor (R1) or (R2) is connected in parallel to each of the protective devices (FS1, FS2) and at least one capacitive element (C1) is provided in parallel connection to the first protective device (FS1), wherein the overvoltage protection circuit (1) has, between the connections (10, 20), at least a first (lower) and a second (higher) breakdown voltage point at a voltage UZ1 or UZ2 dependent on the voltage change over time k=(dU/dt) of a voltage UGA at the connections (10, 20).

Abstract: A humidity sensor having a housing, a data logger that has such a humidity sensor as well as a evaluation method for the humidity sensor or the data logger. The housing of the humidity sensor has a recess in which a humidity sensor element is situated. To protect the humidity sensor element against the ingress of water, a membrane is provided that covers at least a portion of the recess and thus defines a detection volume around the humidity sensor element. This membrane allows for an exchange of air with the surroundings so that the humidity sensor element is able to detect the air humidity. It is also designed in such a way that it prevents the ingress of water. The detection volume is designed to be as small so that the humidity of the detection volume adapts quickly to the surrounding climate that is to be measured.