Abstract: A light turbine, turbine, and turbine housing are described, in which the turbine housing can include a main housing and a chimney. The main housing and chimney define a circular path within which vanes located on the ends of spokes can move. Movement of the vanes can cause rotation of a shaft attached to the spokes. The chimney can be removably attached to the main housing to allow access to the vanes, which can be removably attached to the spokes. The turbine housing and turbine can be configured such that various compositions and/or configurations of vanes can be evaluated in conjunction with one or more forms of energy sources, such as an electromagnetic radiation source. The turbine housing can enable selective evaluation within ambient air, a partial vacuum, and/or the like.

Abstract: A light turbine, turbine, and turbine housing are described, in which the turbine housing can include a main housing and a chimney. The main housing and chimney define a circular path within which vanes located on the ends of spokes can move. Movement of the vanes can cause rotation of a shaft attached to the spokes. The chimney can be removably attached to the main housing to allow access to the vanes, which can be removably attached to the spokes. The turbine housing and turbine can be configured such that various compositions and/or configurations of vanes can be evaluated in conjunction with one or more forms of energy sources, such as an electromagnetic radiation source. The turbine housing can enable selective evaluation within ambient air, a partial vacuum, and/or the like.

Abstract: A seed pack, plant seed and marker system and related apparatus and method, comprising: a seed pack; a plurality of plant seeds contained within the seed pack; identifying information pertaining to the plant seeds printed on an outside surface of the seed pack; growing guidelines pertaining to the plant seeds printed on the outside surface of the seed pack; a plurality of preprinted seed markers integrally packaged together with the seed pack and the seeds; at least some of the identifying information pertaining to the seeds also preprinted on the preprinted seed markers; and at least some of the growing guidelines pertaining to the seeds also preprinted on the preprinted seed markers.