Abstract: Disclosed are a method of detecting a leak of fluoroolefin compositions and sensors used therefor. In particular, the method is particularly useful for detecting a leak of a fluoroolefin refrigerant composition from a cooling system of an automotive vehicle. Such fluoroolefin refrigerant compositions have double bond structures which make them particularly well suited with sensing technologies, including: infrared sensors, UV sensors, NIR sensors, ion mobility or plasma chromatographs, gas chromatography, refractometry, mass spectroscopy, high temperature thick film sensors, thin film field effect sensors, pellistor sensors, Taguchi sensors and quartz microbalance sensors.

Abstract: This invention relates to a combined nuclear quadrupole resonance and X-ray contraband detection system with a metal shield alarm that is activated when the area of the metal in the object being scanned as determined by the resonance frequency shifts of the NQR sensors exceeds the area of the metal in the object being scanned as determined by X-rays by an amount sufficient to shield contraband.

Abstract: The use of two or more sensors tuned to the same nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency and detecting the nuclear quadrupole resonance signal results in improved signal-to-noise ratio and therefore improved nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system performance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a combined nuclear quadrupole resonance and X-ray contraband detection system with a metal shield alarm that is activated when the area of the metal in the object being scanned as determined by the resonance frequency shifts of the NQR sensors exceeds the area of the metal in the object being scanned as determined by X-rays by an amount sufficient to shield contraband.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for improving the performance of a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system by reducing the coupling between one or more excitation coils that provide a radio frequency magnetic field that excites quadrupole nuclei, and one or more high temperature superconductor receive coils that detect the resulting nuclear quadrupole resonance signal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for identifying biological agents using high temperature superconductor enhanced nuclear quadrupole resonance. The targeted biological agents are attached to functionalized nanoparticles and the quadrupole nuclei in these nanoparticles are detected by the nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system.

Abstract: The use of a circuit to adjust the resonance frequency of a high temperature superconductor self-resonant transmit, receive, or transmit and receive coil results in improved performance. The circuit is useful in a frequency detection system, especially in a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system.

Abstract: The use of two or more sensors tuned to at least two different nuclear quadrupole resonance frequencies of a target compound to detect the different nuclear quadrupole resonance signals greatly reduces the chance of misidentification, and thereby improves nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system performance.

Abstract: The use of a high temperature superconductor self-resonant receive coil or transmit and receive coil that is coupled through mutual inductance to the receiver front-end of a nuclear quadrupole resonance system results in improved performance.

Abstract: The frequency of the fundamental symmetric mode of two or more coupled essentially identical high temperature superconductor coils can be tuned, with little degradation in Q, by mechanically displacing the two or more coils with respect to one another. These coupled coils are useful in a detection system for detecting frequencies.