Abstract: The invention refers to a bottom dispensing package for a flowable composition, comprising a squeezable container for housing the flowable composition, a base element that is fixed to the container, whereby the base element comprises an orifice, whereby the orifice is placed in the direction of gravity beneath the container when the dispensing package is placed in its head-stand position on the base element, whereby the base element further comprises a closure connected to the base element and the closure can be moved back and forth between a closed position in which the closure closes the orifice and an open position in which the composition can be released through the orifice.

Abstract: A laminating device and a method for producing a laminate. The laminating device has at least one membrane element. The laminating device has at least one force distributing element, wherein a laminating force which can be transmitted onto a lamination object by the membrane element can be distributed onto at least one sub region of a membrane-side surface of the lamination object via the at least one force distributing element. The at least one force distributing element is held on the laminating device.

Abstract: A method for setting an illumination setting for illuminating an object field of a projection exposure apparatus includes taking into account the sensitivity of a performance variable for changes in the intensity of the illumination radiation in the illumination pupil.

Abstract: A method for setting an illumination setting for illuminating an object field of a projection exposure apparatus includes taking into account the sensitivity of a performance variable for changes in the intensity of the illumination radiation in the illumination pupil.

Abstract: An illumination optical unit for EUV projection lithography includes a field facet mirror and a pupil facet mirror. A correction control device, which is used for the controlled displacement of at least some field facets that are usable as correction field facets, which are signal connected to displacement actuators, is embodied so that a correction displacement path for the correction field facets is so large that a respective correction illumination channel is cut off at the margin by the correction pupil facet so that the illumination light partial beam is not transferred in the entirety thereof from the correction pupil facet into the object field.

Abstract: An illumination optical unit for EUV projection lithography includes a field facet mirror and a pupil facet mirror. A correction control device, which is used for the controlled displacement of at least some field facets that are usable as correction field facets, which are signal connected to displacement actuators, is embodied so that a correction displacement path for the correction field facets is so large that a respective correction illumination channel is cut off at the margin by the correction pupil facet so that the illumination light partial beam is not transferred in the entirety thereof from the correction pupil facet into the object field.

Abstract: A laminating device and a method for producing a laminate. The laminating device has at least one membrane element. The laminating device has at least one force distributing element, wherein a laminating force which can be transmitted onto a lamination object by the membrane element can be distributed onto at least one sub region of a membrane-side surface of the lamination object via the at least one force distributing element. The at least one force distributing element is held on the laminating device.

Abstract: In an atom probe or other mass spectrometer wherein a specimen is subjected to ionizing pulses (voltage pulses, thermal pulses, etc.) which induce field evaporation of ions from the specimen, the evaporated ions are then subjected to corrective pulses which are synchronized with the ionizing pulses. These corrective pulses have a magnitude and timing sufficient to reduce the velocity distribution of the evaporated ions, thereby resulting in increased mass resolution for the atom probe/mass spectrometer. In a preferred arrangement, ionizing pulses are supplied to the specimen from a first counter electrode adjacent the specimen. The corrective pulses are then supplied from a second counter electrode which is coupled to the first via a passive or active network, with the network controlling the form (timing, amplitude, and shape) of the corrective pulses.

Abstract: An improved electrical pulse generator incorporating MOSFET components, a programmable high voltage power supply, and a shaping network for generating short duration signals having narrow pulse widths and short rise times.

Abstract: A system and method for metering usage of a data processing system and scaling system performance is disclosed. In one embodiment, an authorization key is purchased that specifies both a baseline performance level and a ceiling performance level. The cost of the baseline and ceiling performance levels is included in the price of the key. After the key is installed on the data processing system, the system performance level is monitored and averaged over predetermined time periods. The customer is charged on a “pay-as-you-go” basis for any time periods during which the average performance level exceeds the baseline performance level. Performance of the data processing system is not allowed to exceed the ceiling level obtained with the authorization key. In one embodiment, the baseline level may be set to zero so that all performance consumption is purchased by the customer as it is utilized.