Abstract: A monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) semiconductor chip includes a millimeter-wave signal generator configured to generate a signal comprising a plurality of signal sequences; a central sequencer configured to control at least one decentral sequence generator based on a timestamp information and a configuration instance transmitted in a transmission from the central sequencer to the decentral sequence generator to control at least one corresponding component in a cycle-accurate manner; a first error detection mechanism corresponding to the transmission from the central sequencer to the at least one decentral sequence generator; and a second error detection mechanism that is independent of the first error detection mechanism, the second error detection mechanism corresponding to an execution by the decentral sequence generator to control the at least one corresponding component based on the timestamp information and the configuration instance transmitted in the transmission.

Abstract: A monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) semiconductor chip includes a millimeter-wave signal generator configured to generate a signal comprising a plurality of signal sequences; a central sequencer configured to control at least one decentral sequence generator based on a timestamp information and a configuration instance transmitted in a transmission from the central sequencer to the decentral sequence generator to control at least one corresponding component in a cycle-accurate manner; a first error detection mechanism corresponding to the transmission from the central sequencer to the at least one decentral sequence generator; and a second error detection mechanism that is independent of the first error detection mechanism, the second error detection mechanism corresponding to an execution by the decentral sequence generator to control the at least one corresponding component based on the timestamp information and the configuration instance transmitted in the transmission.

Abstract: A frequency linearity measurement circuit configured to measure a frequency linearity of a frequency signal includes: a first measurement circuit configured to generate a first estimate of an integer number of clock cycles of the frequency signal within a respective gate signal period of a gate signal; a second measurement circuit comprising a time-to-digital converter (TDC) configured to generate a second estimate of a fractional number of clock cycle of the frequency signal within the respective gate signal period; a reference measurement circuit configured to generate a third estimate of an expected number of clock cycles within the respective gate signal period; and a closed-loop frequency tracking circuit configured to track a frequency error between an expected frequency and a measured frequency, where the expected frequency and the measured frequency are determined based on the third estimate and on a sum of the first estimate and the second estimate, respectively.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical loudspeaker. The loudspeaker includes a substrate, a housing arranged on the substrate, and a cavity delimited by the housing and the substrate. The loudspeaker includes a translation device, which is arranged in the cavity so as to be movable and deflectable in a specified movement direction parallel to the substrate surface and includes an arrangement of a plurality of movable fin structures, which are arranged next to one another in the movement direction and divide the cavity into a plurality of portions fluidically separated from one another, and a support structure connecting the movable fin structures to one another, and a drive device designed to deflect the translation device in the movement direction, including a plurality of drive units each including least one actuator electrode mechanically connected to the translation device and at least one stator electrode mechanically connected to the housing and/or the substrate.

Abstract: A frequency linearity measurement circuit configured to measure a frequency linearity of a frequency signal includes: a first measurement circuit having a counter, where the counter is controlled by a gate signal having a gate signal period, where the first measurement circuit is configured to generate a first estimate of an integer number of clock cycles of the frequency signal within a respective gate signal period of the gate signal; a second measurement circuit having a time-to-digital converter (TDC), where the TDC is controlled by the gate signal, and is configured to generate a second estimate of a fractional number of clock cycle of the frequency signal within the respective gate signal period of the gate signal; and a reference measurement circuit configured to generate a third estimate of an expected number of clock cycles within the respective gate signal period of the gate signal.

Abstract: A frequency linearity measurement circuit configured to measure a frequency linearity of a frequency signal includes: a first measurement circuit configured to generate a first estimate of an integer number of clock cycles of the frequency signal within a respective gate signal period of a gate signal; a second measurement circuit comprising a time-to-digital converter (TDC) configured to generate a second estimate of a fractional number of clock cycle of the frequency signal within the respective gate signal period; a reference measurement circuit configured to generate a third estimate of an expected number of clock cycles within the respective gate signal period; and a closed-loop frequency tracking circuit configured to track a frequency error between an expected frequency and a measured frequency, where the expected frequency and the measured frequency are determined based on the third estimate and on a sum of the first estimate and the second estimate, respectively.

Abstract: A frequency linearity measurement circuit configured to measure a frequency linearity of a frequency signal includes: a first measurement circuit having a counter, where the counter is controlled by a gate signal having a gate signal period, where the first measurement circuit is configured to generate a first estimate of an integer number of clock cycles of the frequency signal within a respective gate signal period of the gate signal; a second measurement circuit having a time-to-digital converter (TDC), where the TDC is controlled by the gate signal, and is configured to generate a second estimate of a fractional number of clock cycle of the frequency signal within the respective gate signal period of the gate signal; and a reference measurement circuit configured to generate a third estimate of an expected number of clock cycles within the respective gate signal period of the gate signal.

Abstract: A method for identifying emitting species (S1-SN) emitting X- or gamma radiation in a scene, wherein a spectrum of the radiation is supplied as input of a first set of a plurality of convolutional neural networks, each convolutional neural network of the first set being associated with at least one atomic species to be identified and having at least one output indicative of the presence or the absence of the atomic species in the scene. Advantageously, a second set of a plurality of convolutional neural networks makes it possible to determine a signal proportion of each emitting species present in the X- or gamma radiation emanating from the scene. Also disclosed is a device for implementing such a method.

Abstract: A nozzle arrangement for a spray gun, in particular a paint spray gun, has at least one paint nozzle and an air cap. The paint nozzle has at least one outlet opening for the material to be sprayed and the air cap has at least one central opening which is bounded by at least one wall. The at least one wall forms a gap with at least one part of the paint nozzle, and a forward part of the paint nozzle has at least an inner face, an outer face and an end face. The end face of the paint nozzle encloses, at least in certain regions, an angle of greater than 90° or an angle of less than 90° with an outer face or an inner face of the paint nozzle. In the nozzle arrangements, the back-pressure counter to the outflow of the material to be sprayed is lower than in prior art nozzles. A spray gun, in particular a paint spray gun, having such a nozzle arrangement is also disclosed.

Abstract: An ESD protective device for a MEMS element is described as having at least one first line; at least one n-region connected to the first line; at least one insulating region connected to the n-region; at least one p-region connected to the insulating region; at least one second line connected to the p-region; the n-region, the insulating region, and the p-region being situated on a substrate.

Abstract: A micromechanical component includes a micromirror connected to a mounting support via at least one spring such that the micromirror is adjustable about at least one axis of rotation relative to the mounting support, where the micromirror includes a reflective surface developed at least partially on a first diaphragm surface of a mounted diaphragm of the micromirror, the diaphragm including a second diaphragm surface that faces away from the first diaphragm surface and that is mounted in air or vacuum.

Abstract: A micromirror device having a cap, a function layer, and a window layer, which are disposed on top of one another and parallel to a main extension plane, the function layer being situated between the cap and the window layer, and a micromirror is patterned out of the function layer. The micromirror device has a stop, which is designed to restrict a deflection of the micromirror in a direction perpendicular to the main extension plane.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing nanoparticle-assisted external beam radiotherapy includes an X-ray spectrometer having an optical axis, an X-ray filter, and a mobile holding structure for holding the X-ray filter and X-ray spectrometer in a first and second relative position, and for switching from the first to second relative position while simultaneously positioning a patient body part in a target region including a target point. An X-ray beam emitted from the X-ray source crosses the X-ray filter before reaching the target point. The propagation of the X-ray beam forms an angle different from 0° and 180° with the optical axis of the X-ray spectrometer. The second relative position is obtained by inverting the relative positions of the X-ray filter and X-ray spectrometer relative to the patient body part. A method of determining an X-ray dose delivered at a region of a patient body using the apparatus is provided.

Abstract: An ESD protective device for a MEMS element is described as having at least one first line; at least one n-region connected to the first line; at least one insulating region connected to the n-region; at least one p-region connected to the insulating region; at least one second line connected to the p-region; the n-region, the insulating region, and the p-region being situated on a substrate.

Abstract: A device for coating surfaces, particularly colored or painted surfaces, using a spray gun which is supplied by a supply device with the material to be sprayed. The supply device includes a material container which can be pressurized, and a pressure element is provided on or in the material container itself.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing nanoparticle-assisted external beam radiotherapy includes an X-ray spectrometer having an optical axis, an X-ray filter, and a mobile holding structure suitable for holding the X-ray filter and the X-ray spectrometer in a first and a second relative position, and for switching from the first to the second relative position while simultaneously allowing the positioning of a patient body part in a target region including a target point; wherein: the first and second relative positions of the X-ray filter and the X-ray spectrometer are such that an X-ray beam emitted from the X-ray source crosses the X-ray filter before reaching the target point, a propagation direction of the X-ray beam forming an angle ? different from 0° and 180° with the optical axis of the X-ray spectrometer; and the second relative position is obtained by inverting the relative positions of the X-ray filter and of the X-ray spectrometer with respect to the patient body part.

Abstract: A micromechanical component includes a micromirror connected to a mounting support via at least one spring such that the micromirror is adjustable about at least one axis of rotation relative to the mounting support, where the micrimirror includes a reflective surface developed at least partially on a first diaphragm surface of a mounted diaphragm of the micromirror, the diaphragm including a second diaphragm surface that faces away from the first diaphragm surface and that is mounted in air or vacuum.

Abstract: A micromirror device having a cap, a function layer, and a window layer, which are disposed on top of one another and parallel to a main extension plane, the function layer being situated between the cap and the window layer, and a micromirror is patterned out of the function layer. The micromirror device has a stop, which is designed to restrict a deflection of the micromirror in a direction perpendicular to the main extension plane.