Abstract: There are disclosed systems for generating super-polarized electromagnetic radiation comprising a source providing a source beam of electromagnetic radiation, a beam splitter having a selected transmission-reflection coefficient ratio, a rotator that provides equivalence to an orthogonal rotation of modes, a two-channel polarizer having polarization axes orthogonal to each other, and a means for directing the two beams from the beam splitter to the corresponding inputs of the two-channel polarizer, wherein the first beam polarization axis is in axial alignment with the first input polarization axis of the two-channel polarizer and orthogonal to the second input polarization axis of the polarizer, wherein the rotator is positioned in the second beam to provide equivalence to an orthogonal rotation of modes on the second beam, wherein the paths traveled by the first beam the second beam are equal, and wherein the output beams combine to form an output beam including super-polarized modes.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system for duality modulation separation of charged particle wave packets comprising a magnet cascade including a plurality of magnets arranged coaxially along a length of a beam path, a beam source coaxially aligned with the magnet cascade at an initial end of the beam path, the beam source providing a selected particle beam projected along the beam path; a particle deflection means located at a point along the beam path beyond the terminal end of a final magnet of the magnet cascade; wherein a selected particle emitted from the beam source travels along the beam path; wherein a significant characteristic fraction of a particle wave packet of the selected particle is an empty wave packet longitudinally separated from a particle-occupied wave packet along the beam path when the system is tuned with characteristic magnetic gradients and a characteristic particle beam velocity for the selected particle type.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system for duality modulation separation of charged particle wave packets comprising a magnet cascade including a plurality of magnets arranged coaxially along a length of a beam path, a beam source coaxially aligned with the magnet cascade at an initial end of the beam path, the beam source providing a selected particle beam projected along the beam path; a particle deflection means located at a point along the beam path beyond the terminal end of a final magnet of the magnet cascade; wherein a selected particle emitted from the beam source travels along the beam path; wherein a significant characteristic fraction of a particle wave packet of the selected particle is an empty wave packet longitudinally separated from a particle-occupied wave packet along the beam path when the system is tuned with characteristic magnetic gradients and a characteristic particle beam velocity for the selected particle type.

Abstract: A generator of duality modulated radiation, of which the irradiance, the wave intensity, or both, are varied from ordinarily equivalent levels, either for purposes of providing energy depleted or energy enriched radiation or for purpose of encoding an information signal. Various techniques are disclosed for restoring irradiance levels to “ordinary” levels, or for amplifying irradiance without affecting wave intensity. A communication system employing duality modulated radiation is also disclosed.

Abstract: A generator of duality modulated radiation, of which the irradiance, the wave intensity, or both, are varied from ordinarily equivalent levels, either for purposes of providing energy depleted or energy enriched radiation or for purpose of encoding an information signal. Various techniques are disclosed for restoring irradiance levels to “ordinary” levels, or for amplifying irradiance without affecting wave intensity. A communication system employing duality modulated radiation is also disclosed.