Abstract: In a fiber optic rotation sensor, two phase modulators are symmetrically offset with respect to the center of an optical fiber loop and alternately excited by a waveform whose frequency alters the differential phase between counter-propagating light waves in the loop to maintain a fixed intensity signal at a detector upon loop rotation. The difference between the waveform frequencies is proportional to the speed of sensor rotation while the mean value of the waveform frequencies equals the frequency value in the absence of sensor rotation. In the alternative, a single modulator is excited by a waveform whose polarity is reversed at intervals of time.

Abstract: An optical light source is interfaced to an optical fiber by mounting the optical light source on a source carrier, mounting the optical fiber on a fiber carrier, aligning the optical fiber with the optical light source and bonding the source carrier to the fiber carrier thereby securing the alignment of the optical fiber and the optical light source. The fiber carrier can be made to have the same or substantially the same thermal expansion characteristics of those of said source carrier. A lens may be interposed between the light source and the fiber, typically by forming a convex surface on the tip of the fiber. The apparatus so made thus comprises an optical fiber carrier, an optical fiber attached to the fiber carrier, a source carrier and an optical light source mounted on the source carrier aligned with the optical fiber. A lens may be provided between the source and the fiber, typically formed on the tip of the fiber.

Abstract: A fiber carrier provides an effective coupling means between a cleaved facing surface of an optical fiber and a light port in a mounting surface of an integrated optical device. Both the fiber carrier and the integrated optical device have an anisotropic thermal expansion property along the same known optic axis and both are substantially similar in magnitude to each other. The fiber carrier is positioned with the integrated optical device so that both the carrier optic axis is parallel to the device optic axis and so that an auxiliary surface of the carrier is parallel to the device mounting surface. The optical fiber is then bonded to the fiber carrier so that the plane of the optical fiber cleaved facing surface lies in the plane of the carrier auxiliary surface. The carrier auxiliary surface is finally bonded to the device mounting surface so that the optical fiber cleaved facing surface is placed in registration with the light port in the device mounting surface.

Abstract: A method for pigtailing an optical fiber to a lithium niobate integrated optical device (I/O chip) is shown and described wherein the bonding between the I/O chip and the optical fiber is a metallic bond. The lithium niobate may be attached to a metallic substrate which is welded to a metallic fiber optic carrier which is in turn welded to a metallized optical fiber. The fiber optic carrier may also be made of non-metallic materials which are given a metallic coating prior to attachment to the I/O chip by means of a metallic bond such as welding.