Abstract: An arrangement in the fuel injection system for controlling the fuel injection, the arrangement comprising a body part with a space arranged therein, through which space the fuel to be injected flows during operation, the space further having an inlet opening and an outlet opening therein. The arrangement further comprises a piston means, arranged movably in the space and a flow path for creating a flow connection between the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet openings. The flow path comprises at least one throttling portion opening into the space of the body part, the cross-sectional flow area of the throttling portion being defined by the relative positions of the piston means and the body part.

Abstract: A piston engine is operated by pressurizing combustion air to a pressure above ambient pressure and adding water to the combustion air, and supplying the pressurized combustion air to which water has been added to a combustion chamber. An emulsion of fuel and water is sprayed into the combustion chamber. A desired rate of supply of water to the combustion chamber is determined and, in the event that the desired rate of supply of water changes, the rate of supply of water to the combustion chamber is adjusted by regulating the addition of water to the combustion air.

Abstract: An arrangement in the fuel injection system for controlling the fuel injection, the arrangement comprising a body part with a space arranged therein, through which space the fuel to be injected flows during operation, the space further having an inlet opening and an outlet opening therein. The arrangement further comprises a piston means, arranged movably in the space and a flow path for creating a flow connection between the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet openings. The flow path comprises at least one throttling portion opening into the space of the body part, the cross-sectional flow area of the throttling portion being defined by the relative positions of the piston means and the body part.

Abstract: An arrangement for lubricating a piston engine comprising a source of lubrication medium, first pressure elevating means for elevating the pressure of the lubricating medium, and first ducting means for delivering the lubricating medium to lubrication targets of the engine. The arrangement comprises at least one second ducting means which is separate from the first ducting means and which is provided with a valve arrangement controllable by external control for controlling flow of lubricating medium in the second ducting means. The second ducting means is connectable in now communication with a source of lubricating medium through the valve arrangement. The invention relates also to a corresponding method.

Abstract: Method of reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in a supercharged piston engine, in which the pressure of the combustion air is increased to a level higher than that of the ambient pressure by means of a supercharger equipment and in which water is sprayed as an emulsion into the engine's combustion space with the same injection equipment as in connection with the fuel injection and, further, the water content of the combustion air is increased before bringing the combustion air into the engine's combustion space.

Abstract: An arrangement for lubricating a piston engine (1) comprising a source (2) of lubrication medium, first pressure elevating means (3) for elevating the pressure of the lubricating medium, and first ducting means (7) for delivering the lubricating medium to lubrication targets (6.1, 6.2) of the engine The arrangement comprises at least one second ducting means (7.1′, 7.2′), which is separate from the first ducting means (7) and which is provided with a valve arrangement (9.1, 9.2) controllable by external control (8) for controlling flow of lubricating medium in the second ducting means (7.1′, 7.2′). The second ducting means (7.1′, 7.2′) is connectable in now communication with a source of lubricating medium (2) through the valve arrangement (9.1, 9.2). The invention relates also to a corresponding method.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a crankshaft for a combustion engine with several cylinders, especially for a large diesel engine, the crankshaft including for each cylinder a crank web unit comprising crank webs transverse with regard to the crankshaft and a crank pin connecting the crank webs. Separate crank web units are assembled one at a time to a uniform shaft blank corresponding to the entire length of the crankshaft and having a different diameter in different points so that the diameter is at its biggest in the central part of the shaft blank and decreases towards the both ends thereof. First a crank web unit intended to the point of the shaft blank with the biggest diameter is installed and fixed to its place and after that crank web units intended always in the order of their diameter to the next biggest points are installed and fixed to both sides thereof. Lastly the portions located between the crank webs of each crank web unit at the position of the crank pin are machined away from the shaft blank.

Abstract: The invention relates to arrangement for controlling valve timing in a combustion engine, especially in a large diesel engine with several cylinders, in which the control of a valve (11) in a cylinder is carried out through a follower member (3,4), preferably a roll follower, receiving its guidance from a cam race (2a) of a camshaft (2) or the like. There are at least two follower members (3,4) per controlled valve (11), said follower members (3,4) being functionally independent from each other and arranged in cooperation with the same cam race (2a) so that their control effect on the valve (11) is different. Only one follower member (3,4) is at a time in force transmission connection with the valve (11) in the cylinder. In addition the arrangement includes means (7) for selecting the follower member (3,4) to be used in each case so that the control of the valve (11) corresponds as well as possible to the operating conditions of the engine in each case.

Abstract: An anti-polishing ring (4) to be used in a cylinder (1) of a large diesel engine, which is supported to a cylinder liner (2) for the purpose of removing possible carbon deposit and carbon residue from the upper portion of a piston (3). The anti-polishing ring (4) is provided with an arrangement, by means of which the lower edge (4b) of the anti-polishing ring can be pressed in the radial direction of the cylinder inwards towards the mantle surface of the upper portion of the piston so that the proportion between the diameters of the lower edge (4b) and the upper portion (4a) of the anti-polishing ring is at its minimum while the engine is running.

Abstract: A reciprocating internal combustion engine operates by drawing at least substantially only air into the cylinder during the suction stroke and, at the final phase of the compression stroke, injecting gaseous fuel into the cylinder under high pressure. At least part of the fuel is directed to a hot glow body stationarily arranged within the combustion chamber of the cylinder to cause ignition.

Abstract: An improved combustion process for an internal combustion engine including cylinders provided with inlet and outlet valves as well as inlet and outlet ducts. During a suction stroke with the outlet valve closed, fuel is fed into the cylinder through separate feeding valve means for providing a lean fuel/air mixture in the cylinder; during a compression stroke a first additional charge of fuel is fed into the cylinder by use of a considerable over pressure for igniting the lean fuel/air mixture and after ignition of the fuel/air mixture a second additional charge of fuel is fed into the cylinder for increasing the effective mean pressure of the engine. The second additional charge of fuel comprises a substantial part, and for achieving maximum mean effective pressures the main part, of the fuel fed into the cylinder during a working cycle of the process.

Abstract: A cylinder lubrication system for a combustion engine. The lubricant is directed to the cylinder wall through a piston moving in the cylinder. The piston comprises a piston pin above which there are a plurality of piston rings sealing a combustion chamber at the top side of the piston. There is a lubrication groove in the outer mantle surface of the piston between the piston pin and at least a majority of the piston rings, preferably all of the piston rings. The lubrication groove is open in a direction outwardly from the piston and has lubricant feed ducts connected thereto from the inside of the piston. In the feed ducts the lubricant is subject to continuous pressure when the engine is continuously running.