Abstract: A water soluble or water dispersible rumen bolus article suitable for oral administration to a reticulo rumen of a ruminant animal is described. The rumen bolus article comprises a water soluble or water dispersible matrix and seaweed or a seaweed extract enriched in at least one bioactive agent, wherein the rumen bolus article when administered to the reticulo rumen of the ruminant animal is configured to release the seaweed or seaweed extract over a sustained period of time. The seaweed extract is enriched in one or more bioactive agents selected from a vitamin, a mineral, an essential amino acid, an antioxidants, fibre, and a lipid. Bioactive agent generally constitutes at least 5 or 10% of the seaweed extract by weight. The seaweed extract is a lyophilised seaweed extract.

Abstract: A water-soluble glass bolus article in a form suitable for oral administration to a ruminant animal, the article comprising carboxylate glass and an organic active agent. Metal carboxylates such as acetates, propanoates and butanoates can be melted to a glass and have a lower melting temperature than phosphate-based glass materials, allowing thermally sensitive active agents to be formulated into a glass bolus article. The carboxylate glass is formed from one or more metal carboxylates having a melting point of less than 300° C. in which the anion is selected from one or more acetates, propanoates, or a mixture of carboxylate anions. The metal may be selected from sodium, potassium, calcium and zinc.

Abstract: A water soluble or water dispersible bolus article suitable for oral administration to a ruminant animal comprising a seaweed extract enriched in bromoform is described. The bolus article is generally a rumen bolus article. The seaweed extract enriched in bromoform is a methanolic extract or an oil extract of seaweed. The bromoform constitutes at least 60% of the seaweed extract by weight. The seaweed extract is lyophilised seaweed extract. The seaweed extract is an extract of an Asparagopsis species of seaweed. A method of reducing methane production in ruminant animals is also described.