Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to substituted 1-phenyl-3-(piperidin-4-yl)urea analogs, derivatives thereof, and related compounds, which are useful as inhibitors of the DCN1-UBC12 interaction inhibitors of DCN1-mediated cullin-RING ligase activity, methods of making same, pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, methods of treating disorders using the disclosed compounds and compositions, methods of treating disorders associated with a DCN1-UBC12 interaction dysfunction, methods of treating disorders associated with a DCN1-mediated cullin-RING ligase activity dysfunction, methods of male contraception comprising the disclosed compounds and compositions, and kits comprising the disclosed compounds and compositions. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Substrate-less electrostatic discharge (ESD) integrated circuit structures, and methods of fabricating substrate-less electrostatic discharge (ESD) integrated circuit structures, are described. For example, a substrate-less integrated circuit structure includes a first fin and a second fin protruding from a semiconductor pedestal. An N-type region is in the first and second fins. A P-type region is in the semiconductor pedestal. A P/N junction is between the N-type region and the P-type region, the P/N junction on or in the semiconductor pedestal.

Abstract: A spacer is used in a damaged bone to provide a contact surface that complements the shape of a cooperating bone so a corrective arthrodesis may be performed across the two bones. The spacer further may restore the length and, preferably, the shape of the damaged bone, particularly when a discrete bone segment has been removed. The spacer has a base having the length and shape of the removed bone segment, and a stem attached to the base for securing the spacer to the damaged bone. The spacer may have one or more fixation channels for receiving fixation devices, such as k-wires or bone pins. In a method of using the spacer, gradual osteotomies are performed on the damaged bone until bleeding bone is obtained. A stem hole is drilled to receive the stem, and the spacer is inserted and aligned with the damaged and cooperating bones.