Abstract: A laser system, comprised of: a laser cavity; a gain medium a pump, a saturable absorber (SA); a first mirror and a second mirror; wherein a ratio of an area of the beam area within the SA to an area of the laser beam within the gain medium is greater than 1, and wherein the beam generates a gain medium radius spot on the gain medium and a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber such that a ratio between a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber and the gain medium radius spot on the gain medium is within a range of 1.7-7 is disclosed. A method for using the laser system e.g., for producing a pulsed energy is further disclosed.

Abstract: A laser system, comprised of: a laser cavity; a gain medium a pump, a saturable absorber (SA); a first mirror and a second mirror; wherein a ratio of an area of the laser beam within the gain medium to an area of the beam area within the SA is greater than 1, and wherein the beam generates a gain medium radius spot on the gain medium and a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber such that a ratio between the gain medium radius spot on the gain medium and a saturable absorber radius spot on the saturable absorber is within a range of 1.7-7 is disclosed. A method for using the laser system e.g., for producing a pulsed energy is further disclosed.

Abstract: A photometric test system for LED luminaires. The system uses photodetective panels to detect and measure light. By placing an optical absorber layer with low reflectivity and low transmissivity over the photodetective panels, a detection surface which is also an absorber is achieved. This absorber reduces reflection of incident light from the device under test (DUT), and light reflected from the photodetective panels. A pinhole array can be conveniently used for this purpose. This enables the measurement area of the system to be essentially no larger than the emitting area of the DUT. A diffuser positioned between the absorber layer and the photodetective panels increases the accuracy of the system. Simulations and experimental results show that this system can measure total flux with an uncertainty of 4.3%. The demonstrated system is used in 2? geometry. The system measures total flux, color parameters (such as CCT, CRI, chromaticity) and flicker.