Abstract: Embodiments herein describe techniques for designing a magnetic coil. The coil can include a coil mount where current-carrying wires are wrapped around the mount, or a current-carrying bar where the electric current flows through the part itself. Embodiments herein also describe non-planar magnetic coils for magneto-optical trap (MOTs).

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe various arrangements of an optical bench used to perform spectroscopy. For example, a spectroscopy system may include a pump optical signal and a probe optical signal that are transmitted through a vapor cell on the optical bench. The optical bench can further include one or more optical components (e.g., beam splitter and a thin film polarizer) for redirecting a portion of the probe and pump optical signals to photodiodes. In one embodiment, the measurements obtained from the photodiodes can be used to perform multiple tasks. For example, the measurements can be used to adjust the power of the optical signals in the optical bench (e.g., make DC power adjustments), perform amplitude modulation correction, and lock a laser frequency to a peak of an absorption spectrum of the vapor in the vapor cell.