Abstract: An alkali-metal dispenser to dispense highly pure rubidium in a high-vacuum environment while not negatively impacting the high-vacuum pressure level. The alkali-metal dispenser is operable in various vapor-deposition applications or to provide a highly pure elemental-alkali metal in cold-atom magneto-optical traps.

Abstract: An acoustic vapor type indicator is disclosed in which an audible signal such as a whistle is produced when a vapor is flowing through the indicator. The indicator includes an air chamber having an inlet for connection with a closed vessel containing a quantity of a gas other than air. When the closed vessel is open to the indicator, the gases within the vessel first force the air from the air chamber through an outlet orifice producing a whistle of a first pitch. Once the air has been removed and the gas within the closed vessel passes the outlet orifice, due to a change in density the pitch produced by the indicator will be changed. Alternative embodiments disclose automated pitch detection means as well as a pitch recognition device.