Abstract: The device is operated with a conventional rotary drive with pile hammer. The torque and the ramming impacts of the drill head are transmitted to a drilling initial tube with drill bit. A sleeve without rotation stands inside the rotating initial tube. It rests at the bottom on the inside of the drill bit rotating below it. As a special feature, the sleeve is connected to the rotating drill head by means of a sleeve adapter with axially consecutive parts that can be rotated against each other and a PFR pressure, flushing and recovery tube connected to it. The PFR rotates with the drill head and the drill pipe, and the sleeve adapter communicates with the non-rotating sleeve. The PFR is used firstly to apply compressive force to the sleeve from above, secondly to flush it by guiding the flushing water for drilling in the PFR and forcing it out of the sleeve, and thirdly to allow the sleeve to be recovered for an almost undisturbed drilling test.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing hot-switching immunity for radio frequency switching circuits are disclosed. A radio frequency switching circuit may include both a mechanical switch and a solid-state switch. The mechanical switch may be configurable to couple an output path of a power amplifier to a subsequent component in its transmission path when in a first mechanical switch state and to decouple the output path of the power amplifier from the subsequent component when in a second mechanical switch state. The solid-state switch may be configurable to operatively decouple the mechanical switch from a radio frequency power source when in a first solid-state switch state but not when in a second solid-state switch state. The solid-state switch may be in the first solid-state switch state during transitions of the mechanical switch between the first and second mechanical switch states.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing hot-switching immunity for radio frequency switching circuits are disclosed. A radio frequency switching circuit may include both a mechanical switch and a solid-state switch. The mechanical switch may be configurable to couple an output path of a power amplifier to a subsequent component in its transmission path when in a first mechanical switch state and to decouple the output path of the power amplifier from the subsequent component when in a second mechanical switch state. The solid-state switch may be configurable to operatively decouple the mechanical switch from a radio frequency power source when in a first solid-state switch state but not when in a second solid-state switch state. The solid-state switch may be in the first solid-state switch state during transitions of the mechanical switch between the first and second mechanical switch states.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing hot-switching immunity for radio frequency switching circuits are disclosed. A radio frequency switching circuit may include both a mechanical switch and a solid-state switch. The mechanical switch may be configurable to couple an output path of a power amplifier to a subsequent component in its transmission path when in a first mechanical switch state and to decouple the output path of the power amplifier from the subsequent component when in a second mechanical switch state. The solid-state switch may be configurable to operatively decouple the mechanical switch from a radio frequency power source when in a first solid-state switch state but not when in a second solid-state switch state. The solid-state switch may be in the first solid-state switch state during transitions of the mechanical switch between the first and second mechanical switch states.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing hot-switching immunity for radio frequency switching circuits are disclosed. A radio frequency switching circuit may include both a mechanical switch and a solid-state switch. The mechanical switch may be configurable to couple an output path of a power amplifier to a subsequent component in its transmission path when in a first mechanical switch state and to decouple the output path of the power amplifier from the subsequent component when in a second mechanical switch state. The solid-state switch may be configurable to operatively decouple the mechanical switch from a radio frequency power source when in a first solid-state switch state but not when in a second solid-state switch state. The solid-state switch may be in the first solid-state switch state during transitions of the mechanical switch between the first and second mechanical switch states.

Abstract: A device has two mutually independent tools first to manipulate the section ribbons and second to manipulate the specimen holders (grids). Each of the tools can be positioned independently during the cutting process by two mutually independent micromanipulators. The tool for manipulating the section ribbons has a metal tube, a tube of an electrically insulating material and an exchangeable tip. A resilient fiber of dielectric material fitted with an electrically conductive surface coating is exchangeably mounted in the tip and is used for delicate handling of the section ribbons.

Abstract: The device for transfer of section ribbons to specimen holders for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has two mutually independent tools (4) and (17) firstly to manipulate the section ribbons and secondly to manipulate the specimen holders (grids), each of which can be positioned independently during the cutting process by two mutually independent micromanipulators (3) and (10). The tool (4) for manipulating the section ribbons (24) has a metal tube (13), a tube of an electrically insulating material (14) and an exchangeable tip (5). A resilient fibre (16) of dielectric material fitted with an electrically conductive surface coating is exchangeably mounted in the tip (5) and is used for delicate handling of the section ribbons.

Abstract: A holder provided with an oscillatory movable ultramicrotome cutter which is arranged on a cutter holder and oscillatory movable by means of a piezo-electric element. The cutter is supported by the piezo-electric element. The holder can be easily produced with high dimensional accuracy. It makes it possible to oscillate the cutter blade at a high frequency.

Abstract: In a process for cutting sections from a probe for microscopic analysis, an ultramicrotome device is used having a blade with a cutting edge, the cutting edge extending at least approximately in a first direction. The process includes the steps of: vibrating the blade in the first direction; and moving the blade relative to the probe to be cut in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. This eliminates, or at least strongly reduces, compression of the cut sections.

Abstract: An apparatus for handling biopsy specimens comprises a transfer part, a slide displaceable in a groove of said transfer part, preparation plates for the reception of biopsy specimens, and a shifter part that serves to introduce the biopsy specimens into the preparation plates. The empty preparation plates are positioned at a predetermined point in the groove of the transfer part, and the shifter part is placed onto the transfer part above the preparation plates. The biopsy specimens are then introduced into the specimen well of a preparation plate by manually actuated instruments or by means of a stream of fluid. The filled preparation plate is displaced back in the groove of the transfer part using the slide, and is transferred into a specimen holder prepared for it.

Abstract: In a process for cutting sections from a probe for microscopic analysis, an ultramicrotome device is used having a blade with a cutting edge, the cutting edge extending at least approximately in a first direction. The process includes the steps of: vibrating the blade in the first direction; and moving the blade relative to the probe to be cut in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. This eliminates, or at least strongly reduces, compression of the cut sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a holder provided with an oscillatory movable ultramicrotome cutter which is arranged on a cutter holder and oscillatory movable by means of a piezo-electric element. Said cutter is supported by the piezo-electric element. The inventive holder can be easily produced with high dimensional accuracy. It makes it possible to oscillate the cutter blade at a high frequency.

Abstract: A specimen holder for a hydrous specimen comprising: (a) an inner hollow cylinder of a heat conductive material, (b) an inner hollow cylinder of a material which can be cut, (c) a cylindrical interior space within the inner hollow cylinder for receiving the specimen, and (d) the space between the inner hollow cylinder and an inside wall of the outer hollow cylinder being filled by a layer which is liquid at room temperature.

Abstract: In a process for cutting sections from a probe for microscopic analysis, an ultramicrotome device is used having a blade with a cutting edge, the cutting edge extending at least approximately in a first direction. The process includes the steps of: vibrating said blade in the first direction; and moving the blade relative to the probe to be cut in a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. This eliminates, or at least strongly reduces, compression of the cut sections.

Abstract: An apparatus for handling biopsy specimens comprises a transfer part, a slide displaceable in a groove of said transfer part, preparation plates for the reception of biopsy specimens, and a shifter part that serves to introduce the biopsy specimens into the preparation plates. The empty preparation plates are positioned at a predetermined point in the groove of the transfer part, and the shifter part is placed onto the transfer part above the preparation plates. The biopsy specimens are then introduced into the specimen well of a preparation plate by manually actuated instruments or by means of a stream of fluid. The filled preparation plate is displaced back in the groove of the transfer part using the slide, and is transferred into a specimen holder prepared for it.

Abstract: A specimen holder for a hydrous specimen comprising:

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure freezing system in which the pressure build-up ensues from a prestressed pneumatic cylinder. This results in a particularly rapid pressure rise in the sample holder.