Abstract: A process is described that can limit pressure drops during a catalytic hydrotreatment process carried out in a fixed bed reactor. The liquid feed and gaseous reactant are injected into the reactor either side of the bed and flow as a counter-current. Pressure drops are limited by homogeneously mixing solid catalytic and/or inert particles of different diameters in the bed.

Abstract: A process is described that can limit pressure drops during a catalytic hydrotreatment process carried out in a fixed bed reactor. The liquid feed and gaseous reactant are injected into the reactor either side of the bed and flow as a counter-current. Pressure drops are limited by homogeneously mixing solid catalytic and/or inert particles of different diameters in the bed.

Abstract: A chamber comprising a moving bed of solid particles, delimited by at least one screen with thickness e, circulating in a downward direction substantially parallel to the screen, the bed being traversed by at least one fluid flowing in the bed in a principal direction which is different to that of the ensemble of particles and leaving the bed by an outlet screen. In accordance with the invention, the chamber comprises at least one opening for introducing solid particles located above the bed and comprising at least one orifice for the flow of the particles, located at a distance of at least 0.6 e from the outlet screen. The chamber advantageously comprises at least two extraction openings, one extraction opening being located at a distance not more than 0.5 e from the outlet screen, and the other at a distance of at least 0.5 e from the outlet screen. The invention is applicable to catalytic reactors, in particular to catalytic reforming reactors.

Abstract: A vessel, in which a chemical reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst, comprises a bed (4) of solid catalytic particles, delimited by at least one wall (1, 10, 11) and a base (2). The base comprises at least one gravity extraction device (3) for the particles and a succession of ridges and hollows forming pleats. The ridges and hollows are oriented towards the extraction device. This succession is advantageously formed by an assembly of facets, which are preferably trapezoidal. The invention has particular application to mobile bed reactors, in particular those used for catalytic reforming of petroleum cuts.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for concentrating fine or broken particles to separate a particle stream into at least one stream which is concentrated in fine or broken particles and at least one stream with a reduced concentration of fine or broken particles. In addition to introduction and extraction structure, the apparatus includes at least two separator stages each comprising at least one funnel with an inclined or substantially vertical axis which opens upwardly, located beneath an inlet to collect the particles. The funnel is connected to at least one deflector which is directed downwardly to allow particles to flow under gravity and to form a bank of particles at the level of the funnel.

Abstract: An enclosure in which there circulates a moving bed of solid particles (for example a moving-bed catalytic reactor such as a reforming reactor), is delimited in the enclosure by at least one grill. In the enclosure a fluid passes through the bed in a direction different from that of the flow of the assembly of the particles and issues from the bed by way of at least one grill. Disposed in the thickness of said bed in an intermediate wall (grill) such as to distribute the thrust forces produced by the fluid on the particles in the zones of the bed which are delimited in that way. Jamming of the particles against the grill or grills is greatly reduced and the admissible fluid flow rate is then decreased.

Abstract: Process for the catalytic conversion of a charge incorporating at least one oxygen compound such as methanol, into olefinic hydrocarbons having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Conversion takes place in a reactor (100), into which the charge is introduced by the pipe (20), the catalytic solid by the pipe (30) and the solid entrainment gas by the pipe (40), the reactor being connected by a pipe (1) to a co-current cyclone separator (S) making it possible to separate a solid phase from a gaseous phase containing the conversion products, which is recovered by the pipe (4). The solid phase is fed by the pipe (9) to a regenerator (R), in which the catalytic particles are at least partly regenerated before being returned by the pipe (80), connected to the pipe (30), to the reactor (100).

Abstract: The conversion of a charge comprising at least one oxygen compound is performed in a reactor C, into which the charge is introduced by the pipe (11), the solid catalytic particles forming the dense phase D1 by the pipe (14) and the solid entrainment gas by the pipe (12). The reactor is connected by a pipe (1) to a cocurrent cyclone separator-mixer (MS) making it possible to separate a solid phase from a gaseous phase containing the conversion products recovered by the pipe (4'), while carrying out a quenching of said gaseous phase by a product M2 introduced by the pipe (3). The phase D1 is fed by the pipe (7) to a regenerator R before being returned by the pipe (13) into the reactor C. The mixture of the gaseous phase and the product M2 is separated in a separator and the product M2, optionally after cooling, is recycled to the mixer-separator (MS).

Abstract: Liquid and gas materials are reacted in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor of the dispersed bed type which comprises a plurality of superposed chambers through which the catalyst progressively drops, its rate of transfer from one chamber to another being controlled by injecting an auxiliary fluid into downcomers through which the catalyst is forced to pass.