Patents by Inventor Danielle A. Braje
Danielle A. Braje has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20240135224Abstract: Quantum sensors provide excellent performance combining high sensitivity with spatial resolution. Unfortunately, they can only detect signal fields at frequencies in a few accessible ranges, typically low frequencies up to the experimentally achievable control field amplitudes and a narrow window around their resonance frequencies. Fortunately, arbitrary-frequency signals can be detected by using the sensor qubit as a quantum frequency mixer, enabling a variety of sensing applications. The technique leverages nonlinear effects in periodically driven (Floquet) quantum systems to achieve quantum frequency mixing of the signal and an applied AC bias field. The frequency-mixed field can be detected using Rabi and CPMG sensing techniques with the bias field. Frequency mixing can distinguish vectorial components of an oscillating signal field, thus enabling arbitrary-frequency vector magnetometry.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 31, 2023Publication date: April 25, 2024Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Guoqing WANG, Yixiang LUI, Jennifer SCHLOSS, Scott ALSID, Danielle A. BRAJE, Paola CAPPELLARO
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Patent number: 11774520Abstract: Ferrimagnetic oscillator magnetometers do not use lasers to stimulate fluorescence emission from defect centers in solid-state hosts (e.g., nitrogen vacancies in diamonds). Instead, in a ferrimagnetic oscillator magnetometer, the applied magnetic field shifts the resonance of entangled electronic spins in a ferrimagnetic crystal. These spins are entangled and can have an ensemble resonance linewidth of approximately 370 kHz to 10 MHz. The resonance shift produces microwave sidebands with amplitudes proportional to the magnetic field strength at frequencies proportional to the magnetic field oscillation frequency. These sidebands can be coherently averaged, digitized, and coherently processed, yielding magnetic field measurements with sensitivities possibly approaching the spin projection limit of 1 attotesla/?{square root over (Hz)}. The encoding of magnetic signals in frequency rather than amplitude relaxes or removes otherwise stringent requires on the digitizer.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 2021Date of Patent: October 3, 2023Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: John F. Barry, Reed Anderson Irion, Jessica Kedziora, Matthew Steinecker, Daniel K. Freeman, Danielle A. Braje
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Publication number: 20220011383Abstract: Ferrimagnetic oscillator magnetometers do not use lasers to stimulate fluorescence emission from defect centers in solid-state hosts (e.g., nitrogen vacancies in diamonds). Instead, in a ferrimagnetic oscillator magnetometer, the applied magnetic field shifts the resonance of entangled electronic spins in a ferrimagnetic crystal. These spins are entangled and can have an ensemble resonance linewidth of approximately 370 kHz to 10 MHz. The resonance shift produces microwave sidebands with amplitudes proportional to the magnetic field strength at frequencies proportional to the magnetic field oscillation frequency. These sidebands can be coherently averaged, digitized, and coherently processed, yielding magnetic field measurements with sensitivities possibly approaching the spin projection limit of 1 attotesla/?{square root over (Hz)}. The encoding of magnetic signals in frequency rather than amplitude relaxes or removes otherwise stringent requires on the digitizer.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 12, 2021Publication date: January 13, 2022Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: John F. Barry, Reed Anderson Irion, Jessica Kedziora, Matthew Steinecker, Daniel K. Freeman, Danielle A. Braje
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Publication number: 20210263117Abstract: We have developed a high-performance, low-volume, low-weight, and low-power sensor based on a self-sustaining oscillator. The techniques described here may be used for sensing various fields; we demonstrate magnetic sensing. The oscillator is based on a dielectric resonator that contains paramagnetic defects and is connected to a sustaining amplifier in a feedback loop. The resonance frequency of the dielectric resonator shifts in response to changes in the magnetic field, resulting in a shift in the frequency of the self-sustaining oscillator. The value of the magnetic field is thereby encoded in the shift or modulation output of the self-sustaining oscillator. The sensor as demonstrated uses no optics, no input microwaves, and, not including digitization electronics, consumes less than 300 mW of power and exhibits a sensitivity at or below tens of pT/?{square root over (Hz)}. In some implementations, the sensor is less than 1 mL in volume.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 28, 2020Publication date: August 26, 2021Inventors: Danielle A. Braje, Jennifer Schloss, Linh M. Pham, John F. Barry, Erik R. Eisenach, Michael F. O'Keeffe, Jonah A. Majumder, Jessica Kedziora, Peter Moulton, Matthew Steinecker
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Publication number: 20210255258Abstract: Microwave resonator readout of the cavity-spin interaction between a spin defect center ensemble and a microwave resonator yields fidelities that are orders of magnitude higher than is possible with optical readouts. In microwave resonator readout, microwave photons probe a microwave resonator coupled to a spin defect center ensemble subjected to a physical parameter to be measured. The physical parameter shifts the spin defect centers' resonances, which in turn change the dispersion and/or absorption of the microwave resonator. The microwave photons probe these dispersion and/or absorption changes, yielding a measurement with higher visibility, lower shot noise, better sensitivity, and higher signal-to-noise ratio than a comparable fluorescence measurement. In addition, microwave resonator readout enables coherent averaging of spin defect center ensembles and is compatible with spin systems other than nitrogen vacancies in diamond.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 1, 2021Publication date: August 19, 2021Inventors: John F. Barry, Erik R. Eisenach, Michael F. O'Keeffe, Jonah A. Majumder, Linh M. Pham, Isaac Chuang, Erik M. Thompson, Christopher Louis Panuski, Xingyu Zhang, Danielle A. Braje
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Patent number: 11041916Abstract: Applying a bias magnetic field to a solid-state spin sensor enables vector magnetic field measurements with the solid-state spin sensor. Unfortunately, if the bias magnetic field drifts slowly, it creates noise that confounds low-frequency field measurements. Fortunately, the undesired slow drift of the magnitude of the bias magnetic field can be removed, nullified, or cancelled by reversing the direction (polarity) of the bias magnetic field at known intervals. This makes the resulting solid-state spin sensor system suitable for detecting low-frequency (mHz, for example) changes in magnetic field or other physical parameters.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 2018Date of Patent: June 22, 2021Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Linh M. Pham, Erik M. Thompson, John F. Barry, Kerry A. Johnson, Danielle A. Braje
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Patent number: 10962611Abstract: Microwave resonator readout of the cavity-spin interaction between a spin defect center ensemble and a microwave resonator yields fidelities that are orders of magnitude higher than is possible with optical readouts. In microwave resonator readout, microwave photons probe a microwave resonator coupled to a spin defect center ensemble subjected to a physical parameter to be measured. The physical parameter shifts the spin defect centers' resonances, which in turn change the dispersion and/or absorption of the microwave resonator. The microwave photons probe these dispersion and/or absorption changes, yielding a measurement with higher visibility, lower shot noise, better sensitivity, and higher signal-to-noise ratio than a comparable fluorescence measurement. In addition, microwave resonator readout enables coherent averaging of spin defect center ensembles and is compatible with spin systems other than nitrogen vacancies in diamond.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 2019Date of Patent: March 30, 2021Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: John F. Barry, Erik R. Eisenach, Michael F. O'Keeffe, Jonah A. Majumder, Linh M. Pham, Isaac Chuang, Erik M. Thompson, Christopher Louis Panuski, Xingyu Zhang, Danielle A. Braje
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Patent number: 10705163Abstract: Here we present a solid-state spin sensor with enhanced sensitivity. The enhanced sensitivity is achieved by increasing the T2* dephasing time of the color center defects within the solid-state spin sensor. The T2* dephasing time extension is achieved by mitigating dipolar coupling between paramagnetic defects within the solid-state spin sensor. The mitigation of the dipolar coupling is achieved by applying a magic-angle-spinning magnetic field to the color center defects. This field is generated by driving a magnetic field generator (e.g., Helmholtz coils) with phase-shifted sinusoidal waveforms from current source impedance-matched to the magnetic field generator. The waveforms may oscillate (and the field may rotate) at a frequency based on the precession period of the color center defects to reduce color center defect dephasing and further enhance measurement sensitivity.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 2018Date of Patent: July 7, 2020Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: John F. Barry, Danielle A. Braje, Erik R. Eisenach, Christopher Michael McNally, Michael F. O'Keeffe, Linh M. Pham
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Publication number: 20200064419Abstract: Microwave resonator readout of the cavity-spin interaction between a spin defect center ensemble and a microwave resonator yields fidelities that are orders of magnitude higher than is possible with optical readouts. In microwave resonator readout, microwave photons probe a microwave resonator coupled to a spin defect center ensemble subjected to a physical parameter to be measured. The physical parameter shifts the spin defect centers' resonances, which in turn change the dispersion and/or absorption of the microwave resonator. The microwave photons probe these dispersion and/or absorption changes, yielding a measurement with higher visibility, lower shot noise, better sensitivity, and higher signal-to-noise ratio than a comparable fluorescence measurement. In addition, microwave resonator readout enables coherent averaging of spin defect center ensembles and is compatible with spin systems other than nitrogen vacancies in diamond.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 27, 2019Publication date: February 27, 2020Inventors: John F. Barry, Erik R. Eisenach, Michael F. O'Keeffe, Jonah A. Majumder, Linh M. Pham, Isaac Chuang, Erik M. Thompson, Christopher Louis Panuski, Xingyu Zhang, Danielle A. Braje
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Publication number: 20200025835Abstract: Applying a bias magnetic field to a solid-state spin sensor enables vector magnetic field measurements with the solid-state spin sensor. Unfortunately, if the bias magnetic field drifts slowly, it creates noise that confounds low-frequency field measurements. Fortunately, the undesired slow drift of the magnitude of the bias magnetic field can be removed, nullified, or cancelled by reversing the direction (polarity) of the bias magnetic field at known intervals. This makes the resulting solid-state spin sensor system suitable for detecting low-frequency (mHz, for example) changes in magnetic field or other physical parameters.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 21, 2018Publication date: January 23, 2020Inventors: Linh M. Pham, Erik M. Thompson, John F. Barry, Kerry A. Johnson, Danielle A. Braje
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Publication number: 20190178958Abstract: Here we present a solid-state spin sensor with enhanced sensitivity. The enhanced sensitivity is achieved by increasing the T2* dephasing time of the color center defects within the solid-state spin sensor. The T2* dephasing time extension is achieved by mitigating dipolar coupling between paramagnetic defects within the solid-state spin sensor. The mitigation of the dipolar coupling is achieved by applying a magic-angle-spinning magnetic field to the color center defects. This field is generated by driving a magnetic field generator (e.g., Helmholtz coils) with phase-shifted sinusoidal waveforms from current source impedance-matched to the magnetic field generator. The waveforms may oscillate (and the field may rotate) at a frequency based on the precession period of the color center defects to reduce color center defect dephasing and further enhance measurement sensitivity.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 29, 2018Publication date: June 13, 2019Inventors: John F. Barry, Danielle A. Braje, Erik R. Eisenach, Christopher Michael McNally, Michael F. O'Keeffe, Linh M. Pham