Abstract: An oligomeric phosphate or mixture of oligomeric phosphates having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently is aryl or alkaryl and n has an average value of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 and resin compositions containing the same.

Abstract: An oligomeric phosphate or mixture of oligomeric phosphates having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently is aryl or alkaryl and n has an average value of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 and resin compositions containing the same.

Abstract: A crude phosphate ester product can be purified by first washing it with chelating agent composition (such as a dilute acidic solution) and then, preferably, water, drying the resulting product, and then treating the resulting product with an acid scavenger, as exemplified by an epoxy-containing compound, such as 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl carboxylate.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition is provided which contains at least one phosphate ester containing at least one acidic substance resulting from the process of its manufacture, at least one acidity-reducing hydrotalcite and, optionally, at least one acidity-reducing oxetane. The flame retardant composition is especially useful for addition to resins that are susceptible to hydrolytic degradation such as polyesters and polycarbonates, and to resin blends (alloys) containing one or more of such resins, e.g., a blend of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene terpolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flame-retardant compositions for use in polyurethane foams, the flame-retardant composition comprising: (a) a phosphate ester blend comprising triphenyl phosphate and one or more alkyl-substituted triphenyl phosphates; and (b) a polyol crosslinking agent soluble in the phosphate ester blend. The invention also relates to flexible polyurethane foams containing these flame-retardant compositions.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition for use in flame retarding a polyurethane foam composition so that the foam has reduced scorch as a result of its manufacture, said flame retardant composition comprising a mixture of (a) a flame retardant of the type that normally causes scorch when used in such foam and (b) a benzofuranone derivative, as a anti-scorch stabilizer. Flame retarded polyurethane foams having reduced discoloration are also provided.

Abstract: Flame retarded polyurethane foams are produced by reacting a polyurethane foam-forming composition comprising polyol, organic isocyanate and at least one phosphate ester containing both alkyl and aryl group functionality.

Abstract: Flame retarded, colored polyurethane foam compositions having reduced discoloration, said foam compositions comprising a foam, which is the reaction product of a polyol and an isocyanate, a colorant, a flame retardant of the type that normally causes scorch and a benzofuranone derivative, as an anti-scorch stabilizer.

Abstract: Neopentyl glycol bis(diphenyl phosphate) liquid compositions are described that comprise from about 75% to about 90%, by weight, of neopentyl glycol bis(diphenyl phosphate), less than about 5% by weight of cyclic product, less than about 8% by weight of triphenyl phosphate, and with a P3 content of no less than about 1%, by weight. These compositions are made by continuously adding neopentyl glycol to a diaryl chlorophosphate mixture at elevated temperature, under vacuum, and in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: The hydrolytic stability of a polycarbonate-containing resin composition, which comprises an arylene-bridged oligomeric phosphate flame retardant can be improved by the addition of an effective amount of a neopentylglycol bis(diphenyl phosphate) flame retardant for such hydrolytic stability improvement.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition especially useful for imparting flame retardancy to polyurethane foams includes: a) major amount by weight of at least one phosphate ester flame retardant of the formula: wherein n is 0 or 1 to about R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently is a non-halogenated or halogenated alkyl or aryl group, and R5 is a non-halogenated or halogenated alkylene or arylene group, provided, that when n is 1 to about 10, at least one of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is substituted with at least one halogen atom; and, b) a minor amount by weight of melamine.

Abstract: A phosphate ester composition of low acidity achieved by treating the phosphate ester of high acidity with an oxetane compound. The phosphate ester can be represented by the formula (I), where Ar is an aryl or alkaryl group, R is an arylene or alkylene group, and n can range from to 0 to about 5.

Abstract: Flame-retardant blends are described that comprise: (a) a monomeric halogenated organic flame-retardant, which is adapted for use in a polyurethane foam formulation; and (b) an organic phosphate flame-retardant. The organic phosphate flame-retardant has the formula: where Ar is an aryl or an alkaryl group, R represents an alkylene or arylene group, and the average value of n is 0 to 5. In addition, an organic brominated additive can be selected in combination with the phosphate ester. These flame-retardants are incorporated into flexible polyurethane foams at various densities.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition especially useful for imparting flame retardancy to polyurethane foams includes: a) major amount by weight of at least one phosphate ester flame retardant of the formula: wherein n is 0 or 1 to about R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently is a non-halogenated or halogenated alkyl or aryl group, and R5 is a non-halogenated or halogenated alkylene or arylene group, provided, that when n is 1 to about 10, at least one of R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 is substituted with at least one halogen atom; and, b) a minor amount by weight of melamine.

Abstract: Alkylene-bridged diphosphate compounds can be used to modify, namely, reduce, the viscosity of fluid flame retardants (polybrominated aryl oxides, oligomeric phosphate esters, etc.) which are useful in flame retarding polyurethane and thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: Non-halogen, flame-retardant polyurethane foam compositions having reduced discoloration or scorch during their manufacture contain an effective amount of a flame retardant of the formula: where Ar is an aryl or an alkaryl group, R is neopentylene, and the average value of n is 1 to 10.

Abstract: A crude phosphate ester product can be purified by first washing it with chelating agent composition (such as a dilute acidic solution) and then, preferably, water, drying the resulting product, and then treating the resulting product with an acid scavenger, as exemplified by an epoxy-containing compound, such as 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl carboxylate.

Abstract: A polyphosphate ester composition consisting essentially of an effective amount of a cycloaliphatic epoxy composition for reduction of the total acid number of the composition. The phosphate ester is of the formula: where R can be aryl or alkaryl, R′ can be arylene, arylene-alkylene-arylene, or alkylene, and n ranges from about 1 to about 5.

Abstract: A polyphosphate ester composition consisting essentially of an effective amount of a cycloaliphatic epoxy composition for reduction of the total acid number of the composition.

Abstract: A fire retardant thermoplastic polyester comprising a phosphorus containing additive and a high charring polymer containing benzene rings in its main polymer backbone and that has a softening point of no less than about 120° C. exhibits improved fire resistance and no plate out of fire retardant additive during aging.