Abstract: An oligomeric phosphate or mixture of oligomeric phosphates having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently is aryl or alkaryl and n has an average value of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 and resin compositions containing the same.

Abstract: An oligomeric phosphate or mixture of oligomeric phosphates having the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently is aryl or alkaryl and n has an average value of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 and resin compositions containing the same.

Abstract: A crude phosphate ester product can be purified by first washing it with chelating agent composition (such as a dilute acidic solution) and then, preferably, water, drying the resulting product, and then treating the resulting product with an acid scavenger, as exemplified by an epoxy-containing compound, such as 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl carboxylate.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition is provided which contains at least one phosphate ester containing at least one acidic substance resulting from the process of its manufacture, at least one acidity-reducing hydrotalcite and, optionally, at least one acidity-reducing oxetane. The flame retardant composition is especially useful for addition to resins that are susceptible to hydrolytic degradation such as polyesters and polycarbonates, and to resin blends (alloys) containing one or more of such resins, e.g., a blend of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene terpolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flame-retardant compositions for use in polyurethane foams, the flame-retardant composition comprising: (a) a phosphate ester blend comprising triphenyl phosphate and one or more alkyl-substituted triphenyl phosphates; and (b) a polyol crosslinking agent soluble in the phosphate ester blend. The invention also relates to flexible polyurethane foams containing these flame-retardant compositions.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition for use in flame retarding a polyurethane foam composition so that the foam has reduced scorch as a result of its manufacture, said flame retardant composition comprising a mixture of (a) a flame retardant of the type that normally causes scorch when used in such foam and (b) a benzofuranone derivative, as a anti-scorch stabilizer. Flame retarded polyurethane foams having reduced discoloration are also provided.

Abstract: Flame retarded polyurethane foams are produced by reacting a polyurethane foam-forming composition comprising polyol, organic isocyanate and at least one phosphate ester containing both alkyl and aryl group functionality.

Abstract: Flame retarded, colored polyurethane foam compositions having reduced discoloration, said foam compositions comprising a foam, which is the reaction product of a polyol and an isocyanate, a colorant, a flame retardant of the type that normally causes scorch and a benzofuranone derivative, as an anti-scorch stabilizer.

Abstract: Alkylene-bridged diphosphate compounds can be used to modify, namely, reduce, the viscosity of fluid flame retardants (polybrominated aryl oxides, oligomeric phosphate esters, etc.) which are useful in flame retarding polyurethane and thermoplastic compositions.

Abstract: A crude phosphate ester product can be purified by first washing it with chelating agent composition (such as a dilute acidic solution) and then, preferably, water, drying the resulting product, and then treating the resulting product with an acid scavenger, as exemplified by an epoxy-containing compound, such as 3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl methyl-3,4-epoxy cyclohexyl carboxylate.

Abstract: A polyphosphate ester composition consisting essentially of an effective amount of a cycloaliphatic epoxy composition for reduction of the total acid number of the composition. The phosphate ester is of the formula: where R can be aryl or alkaryl, R′ can be arylene, arylene-alkylene-arylene, or alkylene, and n ranges from about 1 to about 5.

Abstract: A polyphosphate ester composition consisting essentially of an effective amount of a cycloaliphatic epoxy composition for reduction of the total acid number of the composition.

Abstract: A fire retardant thermoplastic polyester comprising a phosphorus containing additive and a high charring polymer containing benzene rings in its main polymer backbone and that has a softening point of no less than about 120° C. exhibits improved fire resistance and no plate out of fire retardant additive during aging.

Abstract: A process for the formation of a di(hydroxyalkylaryl) aryl phosphate is disclosed which comprises the reaction of an o-alkyl substituted aromatic diol, e.g., an o-alkyl substituted hydroquinone such as o-t-butylhydro-quinone, and monoaryl dihalophosphate, such as monophenyl dichlorophosphate. This process can, in particular, be used to make certain di(hydroxy-o-alkylphenyl) phenyl phosphate compounds, preferably those that are p-hydroxy, such as di(p-hydroxy-o-t-butylphenyl) phenyl phosphate.

Abstract: A process for the formation of a di(hydroxyalkylaryl) aryl phosphate is disclosed which comprises the reaction of an o-alkyl substituted aromatic diol, e.g., an o-alkyl substituted hydroquinone such as o-t-butylhydro-quinone, and monoaryl dihalophosphate, such as monophenyl dichlorophosphate. This process can, in particular, be used to make certain di(hydroxy-o-alkylphenyl) phenyl phosphate compounds, preferably those that are p-hydroxy, such as di(p-hydroxy-o-t-butylphenyl) phenyl phosphate.

Abstract: A process for the formation of a di(hydroxyalkylaryl) aryl phosphate is disclosed which comprises the reaction of an o-alkyl substituted aromatic diol, e.g., an o-alkyl substituted hydroquinone such as o-t-butylhydro-quinone, and monoaryl dihalophosphate, such as monophenyl dichlorophosphate. This process can, in particular, be used to make certain di(hydroxy-o-alkylphenyl) phenyl phosphate compounds, preferably those that are p-hydroxy, such as di(p-hydroxy-o-t-butylphenyl) phenyl phosphate.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of a hydrocarbyl bis(dihydrocarbyl phosphate), such as a hydrocarbyl bis(diaryl phosphate), comprises the reaction of an unstable hydrocarbyl-containing diol, such as an aromatic group-containing diol, with a dihydrocarbyl halophosphate, such as diphenyl chlorophosphate, in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as magnesium dichloride, in the additional presence of an effective amount (e.g., up to about 100% by weight of diol and halophosphate) of a liquid hydrocarbon, such as an aliphatic hydrocarbon, like heptane, or an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as toluene, to enhance the removal of hydrogen halide by-product and thereby increase the yield of hydrocarbyl bis(dihydrocarbyl phosphate).

Abstract: The thermostability of an aromatic polyphosphate composition an be improved by the addition of an effective amount of a hydroxy-terminated aromatic polyphosphate composition for such.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for forming monohydroxy-terminated aromatic oligomeric phosphates by the reaction of a diaryl halophosphate, such as diphenyl chlorophosphate, optionally in the presence of some monoaryl dihalophosphate, with an aromatic diol, such as resorcinol, to form the monohydroxy-terminated aromatic oligomeric phosphate. The reaction preferably employs a Lewis acid catalyst, such as magnesium dichloride.

Abstract: A process for forming a composition containing over, for example, about 90% by weight of an alkylene-arylene bridging group-containing bis(diphenyl phosphate) compound and less than, for example, 10%, by weight, of monophosphate by-product. This process involves the reaction of a composition containing a diphenyl halophosphate and an alkylene-arylene bridging group-containing diol, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a Lewis acid catalyst, utilizing a means, during the course of the reaction, for removal of hydrohalide by-product. The preferred means that are used for removal of hydrohalide by-product include:performing the reaction in a hydrocarbon solvent;utilizing vacuum to remove such by-product;utilizing sparging with an inert gas; andcompatible combinations of one or more of the foregoing means.