Abstract: The disclosure provides methods for the selection and isolation of T cells expressing programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and for selecting a PD-1 expression level of the isolated PD-1 expressing T cells. The disclosure also provides methods of large scale expansion of selected and isolated PD-1 expressing T cells, as well as methods for treating a subject comprising administering selected and isolated PD-1 expressing T cells to the subject.