Abstract: One example includes a troposcatter communication terminal. The terminal includes an antenna comprising a plurality of communication ports that extend from a rear side of the antenna to a front side of the antenna. The terminal also includes a positioner mechanically coupled to the antenna and being configured to mechanically control positioning of the antenna. The terminal further includes an electronics package mechanically coupled to the rear side of the antenna. The electronics package includes a troposcatter radio communicatively coupled to the antenna via the plurality of communications ports to transmit and receive troposcatter communication signals via the plurality of communication ports at the front side of the antenna.

Abstract: One example includes a troposcatter communication terminal. The terminal includes an antenna comprising a plurality of communication ports that extend from a rear side of the antenna to a front side of the antenna. The terminal also includes a positioner mechanically coupled to the antenna and being configured to mechanically control positioning of the antenna. The terminal further includes an electronics package mechanically coupled to the rear side of the antenna. The electronics package includes a troposcatter radio communicatively coupled to the antenna via the plurality of communications ports to transmit and receive troposcatter communication signals via the plurality of communication ports at the front side of the antenna.

Abstract: A highly integrated miniature radiometer chip includes a base board with opposing top and bottom etched metal layers to form interconnect and ground pads, and a cavity to provide space for surface mounted parts that are attached to the bottom of a middle board which mounts directly over the top of the base board. The middle board has radio frequency circuits and semiconductor chips at a top metal layer, and surface mounted parts, and ground and signal pads at a bottom metal layer. Metalized vias extending through the dielectric material connect the top and bottom layers. A top cover includes a feedhorn, a waveguide section, and isolation compartments and channels that overlie the RF circuits on the middle board. A dielectric insert is located inside the feedhorn to enhance the feedhorn performance and seal the radiometer chip from external air, humidity and contaminants.

Abstract: A highly integrated miniature radiometer chip includes a base board with opposing top and bottom etched metal layers to form interconnect and ground pads, and a cavity to provide space for surface mounted parts that are attached to the bottom of a middle board which mounts directly over the top of the base board. The middle board has radio frequency circuits and semiconductor chips at a top metal layer, and surface mounted parts, and ground and signal pads at a bottom metal layer. Metalized vias extending through the dielectric material connect the top and bottom layers. A top cover includes a feedhorn, a waveguide section, and isolation compartments and channels that overlie the RF circuits on the middle board. A dielectric insert is located inside the feedhorn to enhance the feedhorn performance and seal the radiometer chip from external air, humidity and contaminants.

Abstract: A diplexer includes a diplexer housing having transmit and receive waveguide channels formed therein. A cover is received on the diplexer housing over the transmit and receive waveguide channels. A septum is inserted between the diplexer housing and cover and configured to provide isolation between any transmitter and receiver signals and a desired frequency band of operation.

Abstract: A radiometer system includes a housing and an RF board contained within the housing. Balanced radiometer channels receive an unknown signal and known reference. Each balanced radiometer channel includes at least one quadrature hybrid and amplifier circuit to provide distributed gain and an amplified output signal. A detection circuit receives and detects the amplified output signal forming a detected signal. A controller board is contained within the housing and has an integration circuit and microcontroller that receives the detected signal and performs video signal digitization and conditioning and real-time corrections on any radiometer channels to account for changes in temperature or gain.

Abstract: A direct digital synthesizer (DDS) has reduced spurious signals and includes a DDS core that produces a digital representation of a signal to be synthesized. A plurality of DDS circuits are operatively connected to the DDS core, each having a digital-to-analog converter connected to the DDS core for receiving the digital representation and converting it into a signal. A modulator is operatively connected to an oscillator circuit and digital-to-analog converter for receiving signals from the digital-to-analog converter and producing a modulated output signal. The individual frequencies of the respective DDS circuits are randomly and continuously changed from each other. A mixer receives and mixes the modulated output signals from the plurality of DDS circuits to create a mixed output signal at a selected and fixed frequency.

Abstract: A radiometer includes a housing and an RF board carried by the housing. A hybrid and amplifier circuit receives an unknown signal and a known reference signal. A switch receives signals as inputs from the hybrid and amplifier circuit and switches between the inputs. A detection circuit receives and detects the signal from the switch forming a detected signal. A controller board is carried by the housing and an integration circuit and processor receive the detected signal and produces a digital output.

Abstract: A radiometer system includes a housing and an RF board contained within the housing. Balanced radiometer channels receive an unknown signal and known reference. Each balanced radiometer channel includes at least one quadrature hybrid and amplifier circuit to provide distributed gain and an amplified output signal. A detection circuit receives and detects the amplified output signal forming a detected signal. A controller board is contained within the housing and has an integration circuit and microcontroller that receives the detected signal and performs video signal digitization and conditioning and real-time corrections on any radiometer channels to account for ranges in temperature or gain.

Abstract: A Block Up Converter (BUC) chip includes a base board with opposing top and bottom metal layers and having radio frequency (RF) circuits at the top metal layer and ground and signal pads at the bottom metal layer. Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit (MMIC) chips are carried by the base board and operative with the RF circuits and ground and signal pads for receiving and up converting signals. A top cover protects the MMIC chips.

Abstract: A MMIC includes at least one quadrature hybrid in a plurality of series connected amplifiers connected in two parallel gain stages and operatively connected to the at least one quadrature hybrid such that gain is equalized in the two parallel gain stages.

Abstract: This present invention includes an indoor unit (IDU) and compact outdoor unit (ODU) having an intermediate frequency/modem circuit, millimeter wave transceiver circuit, and digital interface between the IDU and the ODU capable of up to about 100 MBps data rate over at least about a 300 meter cable. The system uses a conversion to the polar coordinate system completes calculations in the polar coordinate system, reducing the computational requirements, and therefore, the size and cost of the system.

Abstract: A radiometer includes a housing and an RF board carried by the housing. A hybrid and amplifier circuit receives an unknown signal and a known reference signal. A switch receives signals as inputs from the hybrid and amplifier circuit and switches between the inputs. A detection circuit receives and detects the signal from the switch forming a detected signal. A controller board is carried by the housing and an integration circuit and processor receive the detected signal and produces a digital output.

Abstract: A radiometer system includes a housing and an RF board contained within the housing. Balanced radiometer channels receive an unknown signal and known reference. Each balanced radiometer channel includes at least one quadrature hybrid and amplifier circuit to provide distributed gain and an amplified output signal. A detection circuit receives and detects the amplified output signal forming a detected signal. A controller board is contained within the housing and has an integration circuit and microcontroller that receives the detected signal and performs video signal digitization and conditioning and real-time corrections on any radiometer channels to account for changes in temperature or gain.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to indoor/outdoor wireless communication systems and methods. Communications between an indoor unit and outdoor unit do not require telemetry tones. The input DC voltage level from the indoor unit is reduced to a level below the normal operating range for the outdoor unit. This is recognized by the outdoor unit as a signal to start receiving telemetry data, which is sent from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit by modulating the transmit signal.

Abstract: A low cost and high performance millimeter wave (MMW) radio frequency transceiver module includes a substrate board and plurality of microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) chips supported by the substrate board and arranged in a receiver section, a local oscillator section and a transmitter section. A plurality of filters and radio frequency circuit interconnects are formed on the substrate board and operative with and/or connecting the receiver, local oscillator and transmitter sections. A plurality of electrical interconnects are operative with and connect the receiver, local oscillator and transmitter sections. A method of forming the millimeter wave radio frequency transceiver module is also disclosed.