Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method for transmission of content, executed by a content transmission device. The method includes receiving, from a client device, a content request specifying a requested content and at least one content reception deadline in an application layer part, encapsulating the requested content in a plurality of successive TCP segments; and sending the successive TCP segments to the client device by applying a congestion avoidance mechanism using a congestion window. The congestion window is determined by determining a minimum bitrate required for transmitting the requested content to the client device by the content reception deadline, determining a round-trip time between the content transmission device and the client device, and setting the congestion window equal to or greater than the product of the minimum bitrate and the round-trip time.

Abstract: According to an embodiment a packet forwarding device is disclosed for forwarding data packets on a link within a communication network. The packet forwarding device is further configured to perform the following steps: measuring a load of the link; detecting if the load exceeds one of a plurality of threshold indicative for a level of congestion on the link; and sending a signal to another device in the communication network signalling the level of congestion.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method for transmission of content, executed by a content transmission device. The method includes receiving, from a client device, a content request specifying a requested content and at least one content reception deadline in an application layer part, encapsulating the requested content in a plurality of successive TCP segments; and sending the successive TCP segments to the client device by applying a congestion avoidance mechanism using a congestion window, The congestion window is determined by determining a minimum bitrate required for transmitting the requested content to the client device by the content reception deadline, determining a round-trip time between the content transmission device and the client device, and setting the congestion window equal to or greater than the product of the minimum bitrate and the round-trip time.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method configured to perform media file encryption. One example method may include retrieving a media file stored in a memory during a play time operation, executing the media file and receiving additional portions of the media file during the play time operation. The method may also include processing the media file and the additional portions of the media file to generate an output media and displaying the output media on a display of a user device.

Abstract: A computer-implemented networked application component includes a need parameter manager adapted to regularly determine an instantaneous need of an application for throughput in the network; a credit parameter manager adapted to regularly update a throughput credit built up as a function of throughput difference, i.e. difference between actual data throughput and fair share; and a transport layer application programming interface adapted to alter one or more congestion control parameters in the transport layer of the network depending on the instantaneous need to temporarily receive a throughput above, respectively below, fair share in return for consuming, respectively building up, the throughput credit.

Abstract: According to an embodiment a packet forwarding device is disclosed for forwarding data packets on a link within a communication network. The packet forwarding device is further configured to perform the following steps: measuring a load of the link; detecting if the load exceeds one of a plurality of threshold indicative for a level of congestion on the link; and sending a signal to another device in the communication network signalling the level of congestion.

Abstract: Caching algorithms estimate the popularity (future request rate or re-use time) and base caching decision on popularity (future request rate or re-use time). Thereby the popularity (future request rate or re-use time) upon which the decisions are made, is not limited to the locally measured one, but a combination of all popularities of all storage means, where the weight of each is determined by social relations between users served by the different storage means.

Abstract: A method for receiving an HTTP adaptive streaming video from a server, said method comprising at a client, operatively connected to said server upon receiving a chunk of said video, determining a current rate of transmission for transmissions from said server to said client; obtaining statistical information pertaining to an expected future rate of transmission, in function of at least said current rate of transmission; deriving a target rate of transmission from said statistical information; and requesting a subsequent chunk of said video in accordance with said target rate of transmission.

Abstract: A network node, suited for use in a content delivery system for use in between at least one server node, adapted for delivering a part of content over a network on request, and at least one client node, said network node being adapted for receiving a request for a part of content in one of multiple versions, issued by a client node of said at least one client nodes; determining if it will be capable to transmit said part of content in the requested version upon receipt thereof, if so, requesting and receiving said part of content from said server node and transmitting said part of content to said client node and otherwise informing said client node that it is not capable to transmit said part of content in the requested version.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a method for transmission of media content (23) from a server (2) to a client device (3), executed by the client device (3), wherein the server (2) is capable of streaming the media content (23) in a plurality of representations (R) having different mean bit rates and of starting the streaming of a representation (R) at a plurality of switching times (ts) for said representation, the method comprising: obtaining media description data (22) representative of the number of available representations (R), the ratios between the mean bit rates of the representations (R) and switching times (ts) for the representations (R), while receiving streaming media content in a current representation (R), storing the received representation (R) in a buffer (32) and playing the buffered representation (R): determining (S1) a sample comprising a sampling time (ti) and the amount of data (B(ti)) in the buffer (32) at the sampling time, and storing the N last samples, determining (S2, S3), in function o

Abstract: A content request is sent (31) from a client (4) and the network routes (321) it to origin server (301) and mirrors (322) it to a transparent cache server (103). The transparent cache server (103) takes a decision on whether to deliver the content or not. If the transparent cache server (103) decides to deliver the content (33), it takes over the content delivery session setup between the client (4) and the origin server (301), impersonating and then disconnecting or triggering disconnection of the origin server (301). If the transparent cache server (103) is not delivering the content, due to cache failure, because the decision of the transparent cache server (103) is not to perform the delivery or because, being the decision of the transparent cache server (103) to deliver the content, the origin server (301) is still being connected, the content delivery session continues (34) between the origin server (301) and the client (4).

Abstract: An encoding apparatus (EA1; EA2; EA3) for encoding video data, is configured to receive a high quality video (HV) generate from said high quality video (HV) a base layer (BL) being a compressed low quality video stream (LV), in accordance with parameters (cp) determining this low quality, further generate a high quality prediction and residual signal (?HQ), and to perform thereon a discrete wavelet transform operation (DWT), thereby obtaining a set of DWT sub-band signals, perform sparse signal compression on said set of DWT sub-band signals for thereby generating a set of independent enhancement layers (E1, . . . , E7), provide said base layer (BL) and said set of independent enhancement layers (E1, . . . , E7) as encoded video output signals on an output of said encoding apparatus. A decoding apparatus for decoding such encoded signals is disclosed as well.

Abstract: A method for receiving an HTTP adaptive streaming video from a server, said method comprising at a client, operatively connected to said server upon receiving a chunk of said video, determining a current rate of transmission for transmissions from said server to said client; obtaining statistical information pertaining to an expected future rate of transmission, in function of at least said current rate of transmission; deriving a target rate of transmission from said statistical information; and requesting a subsequent chunk of said video in accordance with said target rate of transmission.

Abstract: For adaptive streaming, a video item is available in plural quality versions. Corresponding video slices (411, 421; 412, 422) in the different quality versions are pre-processed to contain bit strings for equal image portions. The client (303) can request a video segment of the video item thereby specifying in its request any arbitrary requested quality/bit rate. An adaptive streaming aware node (301) thereupon selects video slices/NAL units (431, 442) for the requested video segment proportionally from plural quality versions in a ratio matching the arbitrary requested quality. The adaptive streaming aware node (301) streams the video segment composed of the proportionally selected video slices/NAL units (431, 442) to the client (303).

Abstract: Network devices (30) receiving first packets from first devices (10) and in response transmitting second packets to second devices (20), and receiving third packets from the second devices (20) and in response transmitting fourth packets to the first devices (10), get manipulation means (40) for manipulating information at layers higher than internet protocol layers of headers of packets for improving transport efficiencies between the first and second devices (10,20). The higher layer may comprise a transport control protocol layer-4 to allow the network devices (30) to take over acknowledging functions of the second devices (20) and to take over re-transmission functions of the first devices (10) and to support the second devices (20) through offering additional buffer space and to support the first devices (10) through offering extended/advanced stream management.

Abstract: A method for control of congestion of traffic, being categorized according to a number of layers (L), in a network node, comprises a step of monitoring the amount (n(t)) of incoming flows to this node such that, based upon this amount (n(t)) of incoming flows and on a current number of accepted layers (l(t)), a next number of accepted layers (l(t+1)) for entry into said node is determined by consultation of an action table (T). In an enhanced embodiment the action table is adjusted based on the observed traffic during an observation period.

Abstract: Method for streaming video content from a video server entity to a client entity via a core network and an aggregation network connected through an edge node. The server entity can be either the origin server or a serving node in a CDN that acts as a surrogate server. The video content is offered by the video server entity as a set of consecutive fragments (or chunks or segments), each fragment of this set of consecutive fragments being offered in a plurality of quality levels corresponding to respective encoded bit rates. The method comprises the steps of: transmitting via the network from said client entity to said video server entity via said edge node one or more requests for fragments with a target quality level of said video content to be displayed at said client entity; and receiving at said client entity via said network one or more replies to the requests containing fragments with said target quality levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new error control paradigm in a packet switched network that is particularly advantageous for multicast transmission. A transmission Status Vector TSV (T) is updated at the sender side whenever a new outgoing data packet (Dj?1) is scheduled for transmission. A corresponding Reception status Vector RSV (R) is similarly updated at the receive side whenever a new incoming and correctly indexed data packet (Dj?1) is validly received. As soon as a missing or corrupted data packet (Dj) is detected, the update of the RSV is suspended. A request is then sent to the sender to get the current Tsv's value, or a part thereof. The erroneous data packet is then recovered from the current TSV's value (Sk,m), from the lastly updated RSV's value (Sj?1), and from otherwise validly received data packets (Dj+1, . . . , Dk).

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method configured to perform media file encryption. One example method may include retrieving a media file stored in a memory during a play time operation, executing the media file and receiving additional portions of the media file during the play time operation. The method may also include processing the media file and the additional portions of the media file to generate an output media and displaying the output media on a display of a user device.

Abstract: A method for providing an encoded video application (3D APP; 2DAPP) from a server (SERVER) to a respective client (CLIENT1, . . . , CLIENTN) user via a communications link, comprises steps of updating scenes pertaining to said video application (3DAPP; 2DAPP) at said server (SERVER), deriving therefrom a respective video stream (2Dvideo 1, . . . 2DvideoN) comprising a succession of respective 2D user-related viewpoints for said respective client (CLIENT1, . . . , CLIENTN), calculating at least one respective compression related parameter (ep2D—1, . . . , ep2D_N) from application object vertex information extracted from a subset of successive ones of said scenes pertaining to said video application (3DAPP; 2DAPP) at said server, using said respective compression related parameter (ep2D—1, . . . , ep2D_N) during subsequent encoding of said respective video stream (2D-video1, . . . 2DvideoN), for thereby generating a respective encoded video stream (encoded2D video—1, . . .