Abstract: Embodiments described herein may be related to optical devices and apparatuses directed to forming waveguides and optical phase modulators that enable high baud rate modulation. In one embodiment, an optical phase modulator includes: photonic optical waveguides having their cladding regions and electrical contacts formed by material with its absolute permittivity near zero (ENZ), and their waveguide core region formed by electro-optical (EO) material or silicon PN junction whose optical refractive index changes with strength of externally applied electrical field. The ENZ material described herein further possesses properties of both optical transparency at operating wavelength and electrical conductivity. The ENZ claddings and electrodes may further have dimensions to enable high externally applied electrical field within waveguide core. The EO material described herein includes but not limited to organic polymers, LiNbO3, liquid crystals. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Systems and methods directed to providing a method for determining a prediction result related to an antibody sequence. The method comprises obtaining an antibody sequence comprising a plurality of amino acids, and obtaining a germline sequence of the antibody sequence. The method further comprises determining a prediction result related to the antibody sequence based on at least one of: evolution information between the antibody sequence and the germline sequence, or a mutation position on the antibody sequence, wherein an amino acid of the plurality of amino acids mutates on the mutation position.