Abstract: An electromagnetic motor includes a stator assembly having a stator body with at least one pole, a primary coil associated with the stator body and electrically interconnected with a power supply such that electric current is the primary coil creates a magnetic field in the pole, a secondary coil associated with the stator body and magnetically coupled with the body and primary coil, and a permanent magnet armature positioned so that there is a working air gap between the armature and the pole. Termination of current flow to the primary coil results in a collapsing magnetic field that induces an electric current in the secondary coil to reverse the magnetic polarity at the stator pole, and thereby reverse magnetic attractive propulsion force in the armature.

Abstract: A drum brake assembly is described to comprise a dual drum brake housing mounted to a vehicle wheel or shaft to be rotated therewith. The dual drum brake housing has two axially extending, concentric, radially spaced drum surfaces defining an annular channel between them. A torque member is fixed against rotation with the vehicle wheel and an expandable friction lining assembly is mounted to the torque member. The friction lining assembly is positioned within the annular channel and carries radially outward and radially inward facing friction linings. Upon expansion of the friction lining assembly each of the friction linings is moved into contact with the corresponding drum surface, thereby transferring braking force to the wheel.

Abstract: A drum brake assembly is described to comprise a dual drum brake housing mounted to a vehicle wheel or shaft to be rotated therewith. The dual drum brake housing has two axially extending, concentric, radially spaced drum surfaces defining an annular channel between them. A torque member is fixed against rotation with the vehicle wheel and an expandable friction lining assembly is mounted to the torque member. The friction lining assembly is positioned within the annular channel and carries radially outward and radially inward facing friction linings. Upon expansion of the friction lining assembly each of the friction linings is moved into contact with the corresponding drum surface, thereby transferring braking force to the wheel.

Abstract: An engine starting system for a four-cylinder internal combustion engine includes an electric fuel pump connected to fuel injection valves mounted within each cylinder of the engine, an electric blower for blowing air into the cylinders to increase the air pressure above atmospheric levels within a cylinder housing a piston in the intake stroke mode, glow plugs mounted within each cylinder to ignite the fuel fed through the injection valves, and an intake valve which is normally open when a piston is in its intake stroke mode. The intake valve is constructed to close when a predetermined high pressure is within a cylinder to trap explosive pressure of the ignited fuel within the cylinder to drive the piston when it is in its intake stroke mode such that the engine is started solely by explosive power within said cylinders.

Abstract: An apparatus combination for improving the starting mode of a starter for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The combination comprises a supporting means effective to support the starting motor armature, both for rotary movement about an axis within the field winding and for axial movement in response to the axially directed magnetic forces of the winding. Friction means are employed to sequentially engage each of two conical surfaces carried by the member to be driven by the starter motor, such sequential engagement being in response to the axial movement of the armature. Means are also disclosed to assist the frictional engagement between the conical surfaces of the driven member by use of a resilient ring which allows full metal-to-metal contact between the friction means and driven member, but also provides extended interengagement with the friction means by distortion of the ring along a tangent to the friction means.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling and varying the closing force of intake or exhaust valves for an internal combustion engine. Hydraulic system, responsive to a minimum high speed condition of the engine, is used to increase the spring rate of the valve closing springs. The hydraulic system also reduces the spring rate when the engine falls below such speed condition. A spring biased idler pulley is also used to maintain adequate tension on a belt, providing drive to the camshaft for the valves. Adjustment apparatus is associated with the spring biased idler pulley for controllably increasing the spring rate for biasing when the engine speed is above a minimum condition and for decreasing the spring rate when the engine speed is below the minimum condition.

Abstract: A portable lightweight drill assembly is mounted against one side of a sheet of flat glass having a hole or crack to be repaired; the drill shaft extends through the hole or crack to mount cutters on both sides; the cutters are spring biased against the glass to exert equal cutting force and simultaneously rotatable with the drill shaft to cut the hole from both sides to a diameter larger than the hole to be repaired, for insertion of a glass repair plug.

Abstract: A fuel injector 10 includes a housing 12 which mounts a valve 56 closing off orifice 22 at one end of a fuel chamber 20 bounded at an opposite end by a piston 18 which is controlled by a tubular armature 16. The tubular armature 16 fits within an annular gap 40 without the housing 12 and is actuated by a coil 14. A pressure compensation vent 78 is in communication with a section 50 at the upper side of piston 18 to partially compensate for chamber combustion pressures which exert a closing force on valve 56. Energizing of the drive coil 14 moves the armature 16 which in turn moves the piston 18 downward which displaces fuel within the fuel chamber 20 which opens the valve 56 allowing fuel to pass through orifice 22.

Abstract: A pump for a multi-cylinder piston engine has a plurality of C-shaped tubular members each with a hollow interior which has one end open to the hollow interior and sealably mounted to a housing with an inlet and outlet with a passage in communication with the inlet and outlet and the hollow interior. A cam shaft is rotatably mounted within the convex area defined by each C-shaped member which operably engages a pivotably mounted deflector panel which deflects a free end of the C-shaped member to change the volume of the hollow interior which forces fluid through the inlet into the passageway. The deflector member also is movable to disengage from the C-shaped member to decrease the volume of the hollow interior and force fluid through the outlet from the passageway.

Abstract: An inertia operated clutch has a rotatable input member and coaxially rotatable output member, with a torque transmitting member which has a mass member connected thereto and a spring biasing the mass member to move the torque transmitting member to one of the torque transmitting or disengaged positions. The mass member is mounted such that angular acceleration of the input member above a predetermined rate causes inertia of the mass to overcome the biasing force of the spring to move the torque transmitting member to the other of the torque transmitting or non-torque transmitting position.

Abstract: A method for repairing panes of glass is provided which enables fractured panes to be strengthened and holes refilled while the pane remains installed in its support structure. The method comprises steps for relieving stress points in a fractured pane, and for applying substantially transparent materials for filling portions of the pane where glass has been removed or separated. The method enables repair of laminated glass panes as well as solid glass panes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for carrying out combustion in an internal combustion engine of the stratified charge type is disclosed. The piston and cylinder are shaped in a manner to define a variable volume space and a main combustion chamber residing as a cavity in the top face of the piston, the cavity being in communication with the variable volume space. The cylinder has an intake port oriented to induce a swirl motion to air inducted into the variable volume space.A shock wave chamber is defined with walls projecting from the cylinder head into the main combustion chamber when the piston in its top dead center position. The shock wave chamber (or intermediate chamber) has openings to permit circulatory transfer motion of the air to enter and exit from the central bottom thereof. The intermediate chamber is adapted to receive a plasma sonic jet directed axially downwardly therethrough to penetrate the exit opening of said intermediate chamber.

Abstract: FIG. 1 shows a fuel injector having a valve 54 that closes an outlet 50 in a housing 10 by means of a spring 22, excitation of a magnet 14 opening the valve; the injector has a toroidal chamber 62 containing an annular piston 66 subject to combustion chamber pressures on one side or end by means of a vent 72 and filled with fuel acting against its opposite side, a spring 70 biasing the piston to charge the piston chamber or reservoir 80 with a pressure equal to the pressure of the fuel passing through inlet check valve 38 connected to reservoir 80.

Abstract: A portable lightweight drill assembly has a cutter mounted against a sheet of flat glass through which a hole is to be drilled; in an alternate embodiment, the drill shaft extends through a hole in the glass and has cutters mounted on both sides of the glass; in each case, the cutters are biased against the glass by a fluid pressure actuated bellows type servo constructed to exert a constant cutting force against the glass surface by means of a self-regulating action of the fluid pressure force.

Abstract: An exhaust gas heat exchanger for vaporizing a liquid fuel is disclosed. The exhaust gas heat exchanger includes exhaust gas flow control valve means, responsive to a vapor temperature, to control the delivery of heated exhaust gases to a heat exchanger coil. A heat exchanger housing is communicated with the exhaust gas conduit of an otherwise conventional internal combustion engine and is provided with means defining a pair of generally parallel exhaust gas flow chambers. A fluid conducting heat exchanger assembly, in the form of one or more helical coils of fluid conducting tubing, is disposed within one of said at least two chambers in the housing. The tubing communicates on an upstream end with a source of liquid fuel and communicates on a downstream end with a vapor reservoir. The heat exchanger coil is arranged to have a maximum surface to volume ratio by including a plurality of individual fluid conduits arranged in side by side relationship.

Abstract: An exhaust gas heat exchanger for vaporizing a liquid fuel is disclosed. The exhaust gas heat exchanger includes exhaust gas flow control valve means, responsive to a vapor temperature, to control the delivery of heated exhaust gases to a heat exchanger coil. A heat exchanger housing is communicated with the exhaust gas conduit of an otherwise conventional internal combustion engine and is provided with means defining a pair of generally parallel exhaust gas flow chambers. A fluid conducting heat exchanger assembly, in the form of one or more helical coils of fluid conducting tubing, is disposed within one of said at least two chambers in the housing. The tubing communicates on an upstream end with a source of liquid fuel and communicates on a downstream end with a vapor reservoir. The heat exchanger coil is arranged to have a maximum surface to volume ratio by including a plurality of individual fluid conduits arranged in side by side relationship.

Abstract: A vapor reservoir adapted for use in conjunction with a vaporized liquid fuel system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The reservoir includes a movable wall member cooperative with means defining a housing to establish a variable volume vapor storage space. The movable wall member is referenced to the pressure of the air immediately upstream from the intake to the air and fuel metering portion of the engine. The housing includes a generally downwardly depending condensate collecting and return section. Vapor delivery conduits are positioned within the housing and support a thermally floating finned member operative to disperse vapor delivered to the vapor reservoir. The movable wall member is provided with position sensing means operative to provide an input to an electrical circuit for controlling the rate of vapor delivery to maintain a predetermined quantity of vapor within the vapor space.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying an air-vapor mixture to an air intake chamber in communication with an air intake passageway of a carburetor under acceleration conditions of an internal combustion engine. The air intake chamber has a valved inlet opening through which normal atmospheric air is supplied to the carburetor under normal operating conditions. Upon operation of the accelerator control means, a steam or vapor operated air injection means is actuated. The steam or vapor is admixed in the air injector nozzles with the mixture being discharged into the air intake chamber. This increases the pressure in the chamber causing the valve in the atmospheric air inlet to close. The air-vapor mixture then becomes the sole air supply to the air intake passage of the carburetor.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor probe and its method of manufacture are disclosed. A tube of ceramic material is arranged to support a resistive type ceramic exhaust gas sensor within the cup-shaped cavity in the end portion of the tube. The tube is also provided with a generally continuous groove around the exterior of the cup-shaped end portion to support a heater wire in close heat conductive relation to the sensor ceramic wafer. The ceramic tube is fixedly received within a housing which may include for example sufficient electrical connective means in the form of electrical terminals to electrically communicate the sensor and the heater wire to an external source of electrical energy and/or a utilization means. The present invention also provides a heat retaining end cap member having an infrared reflective coating for assisting in the retention of heat for those resistive type sensor ceramics which require an operating temperature substantially higher than the temperature of their normal environment.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor probe and its method of manufacture are disclosed. A tube of ceramic material is arranged to support a resistive type ceramic exhaust gas sensor within the cup-shaped cavity in the end portion of the tube. The tube is also provided with a generally continuous groove around the exterior of the cup-shaped end portion to support a heater wire in close heat conductive relation to the sensor ceramic wafer. The ceramic tube is fixedly received within a housing which may include for example sufficient electrical connective means in the form of electrical terminals to electrically communicate the sensor and the heater wire to an external source of electrical energy and/or a utilization means. The present invention also provides a heat retaining end cap member having an infrared reflective coating for assisting in the retention of heat for those resistive type sensor ceramics which require an operating temperature substantially higher than the temperature of their normal environment.