Abstract: A heating device having at least one package surrounding a hygroscopic salt and a heater mix having at least a metal reactant. The heating device may include a source of moisture positioned in the package, the source of moisture initially generating an atmosphere having nearly 100% relative humidity inside the package. The hygroscopic salt is spatially separated from the source of moisture within the at least one package and positioned so as to absorb moisture out of the atmosphere to form an electrolyte, and the hygroscopic salt is further positioned so that the electrolyte generated by the hygroscopic salt is in contact with the heater mix. Rather than have an internal source of moisture, the at least one package may be water vapor permeable to allow ambient moisture from the atmosphere to enter the interior of the package to combine with the hygroscopic salt to generate an electrolyte.

Abstract: A device for the delivery of aromas having a package having a front panel and a back panel, a heater disposed inside the package between the front panel and the back panel, and an air delivered composition, the air delivered composition being positioned to receive heat from the heater when the heater is activated, wherein the air delivered composition is volatilized by the heater when activated causing the air delivered composition be delivered through the air.

Abstract: An article capable of being heated having a material with a plurality of cavities formed therein. The article includes at least one heater which may be embedded in at least one of the plurality of cavities formed in the material. A sheet of porous material may be operatively engaged with the article over the material so that the plurality of cavities are covered and the at least one heater is held therein.

Abstract: A thermoformable article having a body constructed using material which is rigid at temperatures below a thermoformable temperature and becomes formable when heated to a temperature above a thermoformable temperature and a heater material in thermal contact with the body when the heater material is activated, wherein the heat generated by the heater material when activated is provided by an enthalpy of solution of the heater material.

Abstract: An article capable of being heated having a material with a plurality of cavities formed therein. The article includes at least one heater which may be embedded in at least one of the plurality of cavities formed in the material. A sheet of porous material may be operatively engaged with the article over the material so that the plurality of cavities are covered and the at least one heater is held therein.

Abstract: A container is provided that has a compartment for storing an air-activated material for heating contents. The compartment is formed between a first web of material and a second web of material. The first web includes a first film layer laminated to a second film layer. A portion of the first film layer of the first web can be separated from the second film layer to reveal openings in the first film layer that allow air to enter the compartment. When the air contacts the air-activated material to activate the material, an exothermic reaction takes place that serves to produce heat, such as to heat the contents of the container. Prior to separation of the first and second film layers, the container is designed to allow ingress of oxygen into the compartment at a rate less than approximately 3 cc per 100 in2 per 24 hrs. at 23° C.

Abstract: A container is provided that has a compartment for storing an air-activated material for heating contents. The compartment is formed between a first web of material and a second web of material. The first web includes a first film layer laminated to a second film layer. A portion of the first film layer of the first web can be separated from the second film layer to reveal openings in the first film layer that allow air to enter the compartment. When the air contacts the air-activated material to activate the material, an exothermic reaction takes place that serves to produce heat, such as to heat the contents of the container. Prior to separation of the first and second film layers, the container is designed to allow ingress of oxygen into the compartment at a rate less than approximately 3 cc per 100 in2 per 24 hrs. at 23° C.

Abstract: A container is provided for heating items, such as contents of the container. The container has a compartment for storing an air-activated material for heating those contents. The compartment is formed between a first web of material and a second web of material, where the first web includes a first film layer laminated to a second film layer via an adhesive layer. The second film layer includes a plurality of score lines that define plugs, such that when the first film layer or a portion thereof is peeled away from the second film layer, the plugs are separated and displaced from the second film layer to create openings in the second film layer that allow air to enter the compartment. When the air contacts the air-activated material to activate the material, an exothermic reaction takes place that serves to produce heat, such as to heat the contents of the container.

Abstract: An oxygen based heater and various electrolyte solution formulations for same wherein the boiling point and/or relative humidity of the electrolyte solution are used as a determining basis for using that electrolyte solution in the heater.

Abstract: An oxygen based heater including a heater substrate and a pad impregnated with an electrolyte solution disposed adjacent to the heater substrate which transfers electrolyte to the heater substrate. Methods of manufacturing same in an oxygen containing environment in which electrolyte is impregnated onto pad which is adjacent heater substrate.