Abstract: A system is described which comprises many quartz resonators, all formed on the same quartz substrate. The method of fabrication ensures that all the resonators are mechanically and electrically isolated from each other. The oscillation frequencies of the resonators may be individually adjusted to different desired values during fabrication. Since the deviation from the optimum angle of cut is the same for all the resonators because they are all on the same substrate, all the resonators have the same temperature coefficient (change of frequency per degree change in temperature). Mounting the electronic circuitry on the quartz substrate simplifies the interconnections between the resonators and the circuitry, and reduces the size of the resulting device.

Abstract: A crystal controlled square wave oscillator requiring a minimum number of components, exhibiting high frequency stability, and operating at substantially a 50% duty cycle. A quartz crystal dual monolithic resonator is provided having a pair of signal electrodes and a reference electrode. The resonator is capable of oscillating in symmetric and anti-symmetric modes, points of minimum attenuation, the symmetric mode exhibiting a 180.degree. phase shift, and the anti-symmetric mode exhibiting a phase shift of 0.degree.. An integrated circuit logic gate is connected between the signal electrodes, the logic gate being of the type having low input and output impedances so as not to degrade the Q of the resonator. The logic gate provides a phase shift of 180.degree. or 0.degree. causing the resonator to oscillate in its symmetric or anti-symmetric modes, respectively, the gate switching between its two logic levels to produce a square wave output at the frequency of the excited mode.