Abstract: Thermally reversible visco-elastic materials suitable for use as projectile target materials and trap materials.

Abstract: Density-enhanced compositions that are comprised of at least iron and tungsten, and articles, including firearm projectiles, formed therefrom. The articles have a density that exceeds that of steel, and which may be less than, equal to, or greater than that of lead. In some embodiments, iron is the majority component and tungsten is a minority component, with steel optionally forming a portion of the iron-containing component. In some embodiments, the article includes at least one additional minority component, such as one or more of nickel, manganese, tin, carbon, steel, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, aluminum, zinc, copper, potassium, sulfur, vanadium, and/or titanium. In some embodiments, the article is cast or otherwise formed from molten material, and in some embodiments the article is formed via powder metallurgy. In some embodiments, the article is firearm shot, a firearm slug, or a bullet.

Abstract: Gel composition comprising thermoplastic block copolymer and oil suitable for use as simulants for body tissue, and methods related to the compositions.

Abstract: Medium- and high-density articles are formed from alloys containing tungsten, iron, nickel and optionally manganese and/or steel. In some embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 8-10.5 g/cm3, and in other embodiments, the articles have densities in the range of 10.5-15 g/cm3. In some embodiments, the articles are ferromagnetic, and in others the articles are not ferromagnetic. In some embodiments, tungsten forms the largest weight percent of the alloy, and in other embodiments the alloy contains no more than 50 wt % tungsten. In some embodiments, the articles are shell shot.

Abstract: Methods for producing medium-density articles from recovered high-density tungsten alloy (WHA) material, and especially from recovered WHA scrap. In one embodiment of the invention, the method includes forming a medium-density alloy from WHA material and one or more medium- to low-density metals or metal alloys. In another embodiment, medium-density grinding media, such as formed from the above method, is used to mill WHA scrap and one or more matrix metals into particulate that may be pressed and, in some embodiments, sintered to form medium-density articles therefrom.

Abstract: Systems and methods for refining or otherwise processing tungsten alloys, including ferrotungsten powder and articles formed therefrom, and methods for detecting the presence of the same. The methods include at least one of magnetically-separating and particle-size-separating ferrotungsten or ferrotungsten-containing powder. In some embodiments, powder may be separated to remove fine particles, and optionally to separate the remaining particles into fractions containing selected particle size distributions. The powder additionally or alternatively may be separated into at least magnetic and non-magnetic fractions. In some embodiments, portions of two or more size and/or magnetism fractions are mixed to provide a ferrotungsten-containing feedstock. Selected fractions resulting from the size and magnetism separation steps may be utilized to provide a ferrotungsten-containing feedstock from which articles are produced and which may include additional components.

Abstract: Firearm slugs formed from a non-toxic lead substitute that includes tungsten. In some embodiments, the firearm slug is formed with a recessed back portion, thus shifting an increased percentage of the slug's net mass toward the front of the slug. In some embodiments, the firearm slug is formed with a recessed front portion. In some embodiments, the slug is a component of a slug cartridge that includes a slug cup. The slug must have a density that is less than, equal to, or greater than lead, or a lead-antimony alloy used for firearm projectiles. In some embodiments, the slug is formed via powder metallurgy from a powder that includes at least one tungsten-containing component and at least one binder. In some embodiments, the slug is cast or otherwise formed from a molten feedstock that includes at least one tungsten-containing component. In some embodiments, the slug is frangible.

Abstract: Articles formed from powders containing tungsten and at least one binder. In some embodiments, the article contains at least one metallic binder. In some embodiments, the binder includes tin and/or a tin-containing alloy, such as bronze. In some embodiments, the article contains at least one non-metallic binder, such as a polymeric binder. In some embodiments, the article contains both a metallic binder and a non-metallic binder. In some embodiments the article is a firearms projectile, such as a bullet or shot, which may be ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic, which may be frangible or infrangible, and which may be jacketed or unjacketed. In some embodiments, the article is a radiation shield, and in other embodiments, the article is a weight or foundry article. In some embodiments, the article has a density in the range of approximately 8 g/cc and approximately 15 g/cc.

Abstract: Generally rough sphere-shaped work pieces made of fragile material are ground into more uniform spheres. The rough spheres are fed into a holding plate having a channel cut into the bottom side of the plate with a width slightly larger than the largest diameter of the rough spheres. A movable abrasive surface is positioned adjacent to the bottom side of the holding plate. As the rough spheres move through the holding plate which can be vibrated, they move in contact with each other and with the abrasive surface. The finally formed spheres leave the plate where they are collected. It is a further embodiment green spheres which are treated in a sintering process with hydrogen gas have tungsten oxide particles applied to the surface of the spheres prior to and during sintering so that the particles remain separated and apart.

Abstract: A laminating press for wood products includes at least one pair of heated drums rotating on parallel axes and an endless belt running around the drums, and a device for pressing a stack of materials to be laminated against the belt between the drums, wherein the belt consists essentially of a zirconium or titanium alloy having a thermal diffusivity of at least 0.08 cm.sup.2 /sec and Young's modulus below 20 million psi. Unplated, the belt material provides a non-stick surface with respect to melamine, and because it is unplated, the belt can be resurfaced when worn. Alternatively, the above materials are used in constructing plates for a platen-type laminating press.