Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method to determine the capture cross-section of a subsurface formation at a desired depth in the formation. A database of Sigma values for known lithologies, porosities, and salinities is provided, and multiple Sigma measurements are obtained from a downhole logging tool. Within the database, Sigma values are interpolated to determine the respective depths of investigation of the multiple Sigma measurements. A monotonic function is fitted to the multiple Sigma measurements at the determined depths of investigation, and the capture cross-section of the subsurface formation at any desired depth in the formation is determined using the fitted function. Similarly, a system to determine the capture cross-section of a subsurface formation at a desired depth in the formation and/or a depth of invasion of drilling fluids is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for density logging utilizes gamma-rays above a pair-production threshold so as to determine lithology information of formations whereby to correct a measured density data.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method to determine the capture cross-section of a subsurface formation at a desired depth in the formation. A database of Sigma values for known lithologies, porosities, and salinities is provided, and multiple Sigma measurements are obtained from a downhole logging tool. Within the database, Sigma values are interpolated to determine the respective depths of investigation of the multiple Sigma measurements. A monotonic function is fitted to the multiple Sigma measurements at the determined depths of investigation, and the capture cross-section of the subsurface formation at any desired depth in the formation is determined using the fitted function. Similarly, a system to determine the capture cross-section of a subsurface formation at a desired depth in the formation and/or a depth of invasion of drilling fluids is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for density logging utilizes gamma-rays above a pair-production threshold so as to determine lithology information of formations whereby to correct a measured density data.

Abstract: A method for determining the diameter of a wellbore, the wellbore being drilled by a drill string immersed in weighted mud, the weighted mud having a significant weight fraction of a heavy component. A well logging instrument having a gamma ray source and energy-sensitive gamma ray detectors rotates within the wellbore to define a transient interface with a facing portion of the wellbore wall. The instrument measures Compton-effect gamma ray scattering and photoelectric-effect gamma ray scattering of gamma rays that cross a first interface, and of later gamma rays that cross an opposite interface, at each of a plurality of locations along the wellbore to produce a group of gamma ray counts at each of a series of wellbore locations. The counts are used to determine standoffs, weight fraction, and wellbore diameter.

Abstract: The invention concerns a neutron measurement method for determining porosity of an earth formation surrounding a borehole comprising: conveying a tool along said borehole, wherein said tool comprises a source of neutron radiation and at least one detector axially spaced from said source; generating measured detector response for said at least one detector that is indicative of neutron radiation from said source interacting with said earth formations; operating said measured detector response with a predetermined mathematical equation and thereby obtaining corrected detector response that is independent of the density of said earth formation; and determining porosity of the earth formation surrounding the borehole from said corrected detector response. The invention also relates to a system implementing said method.

Abstract: The invention concerns a neutron measurement method for determining porosity of an earth formation surrounding a borehole comprising: conveying a tool along said borehole, wherein said tool comprises a source of neutron radiation and at least one detector axially spaced from said source; generating measured detector response for said at least one detector that is indicative of neutron radiation from said source interacting with said earth formations; operating said measured detector response with a predetermined mathematical equation and thereby obtaining corrected detector response that is independent of the density of said earth formation; and determining porosity of the earth formation surrounding the borehole from said corrected detector response. The invention also relates to a system implementing said method.

Abstract: The modular turret cage is used with a capping machine adapted to apply closures to containers, such as beverage, food, or water containers. The capping machine includes a stationary cap. The modular turret cage has a top end and a bottom end. The top end of the turret cage is rotatably received in the stationary cap. The turret cage includes a top mounting plate at the top end of the turret cage and a base mounting plate at the bottom end of the turret cage. A plurality of panel sections extends between and connects the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate. The panel sections are fixedly connected to the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate and are separately removable from the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate.

Abstract: The modular turret cage is used with a capping machine adapted to apply closures to containers, such as beverage, food, or water containers. The capping machine includes a stationary cap. The modular turret cage has a top end and a bottom end. The top end of the turret cage is rotatably received in the stationary cap. The turret cage includes a top mounting plate at the top end of the turret cage and a base mounting plate at the bottom end of the turret cage. A plurality of panel sections extends between and connects the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate. The panel sections are fixedly connected to the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate and are separately removable from the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate.

Abstract: The modular turret cage is used with a capping machine adapted to apply closures to containers, such as beverage, food, or water containers. The capping machine includes a stationary cap. The modular turret cage has a top end and a bottom end. The top end of the turret cage is rotatably received in the stationary cap. The turret cage includes a top mounting plate at the top end of the turret cage and a base mounting plate at the bottom end of the turret cage. A plurality of panel sections extends between and connects the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate. The panel sections are fixedly connected to the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate and are separately removable from the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate.

Abstract: The modular turret cage is used with a capping machine adapted to apply closures to containers, such as beverage, food, or water containers. The capping machine includes a stationary cap. The modular turret cage has a top end and a bottom end. The top end of the turret cage is rotatably received in the stationary cap. The turret cage includes a top mounting plate at the top end of the turret cage and a base mounting plate at the bottom end of the turret cage. A plurality of panel sections extends between and connects the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate. The panel sections are fixedly connected to the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate and are separately removable from the top mounting plate and the base mounting plate.