Abstract: A process A for the production of compounds of formula I is provided. Process A includes Step A of reacting compounds of formula II with 2,3-dihalopropionitrile or 2-haloacrylonitrile in the presence of DIPEA. A process B for the production of compounds of formula III is also provided. Process B includes Step B of reacting compounds of formula I with Br2 in the presence of DIPEA. A process C for the production of compounds of formula IV is further provided. Process C includes Step C of reacting compounds of formula III with di(C1-C4-alkoxy)methane and either POCl3, or a mixture comprising POCl3 and DMF, in the presence of DIPEA. Additionally, the use of DIPEA as a base in the production of compounds of formula I, compounds of formula III, or compounds of formula IV is provided.

Abstract: A method comprises: obtaining a mixed soundtrack that includes dialogue mixed with non-dialogue sound; converting the mixed soundtrack to comparison text; obtaining reference text for the dialogue as a reference for intelligibility of the dialogue; determining a measure of intelligibility of the dialogue of the mixed soundtrack to a listener based on a comparison of the comparison text against the reference text; and reporting the measure of intelligibility of the dialogue.

Abstract: A process A for the production of compounds of formula I is provided. Process A includes Step A of reacting compounds of formula II with 2,3-dihalopropionitrile or 2-haloacrylonitrile in the presence of DIPEA. A process B for the production of compounds of formula III is also provided. Process B includes Step B of reacting compounds of formula I with Br2 in the presence of DIPEA. A process C for the production of compounds of formula IV is further provided. Process C includes Step C of reacting compounds of formula III with di(C1-C4-alkoxy)methane and either POCl3, or a mixture comprising POCl3 and DMF, in the presence of DIPEA. Additionally, the use of DIPEA as a base in the production of compounds of formula I, compounds of formula III, or compounds of formula IV is provided.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a compound of formula (I), Comprising reacting a compound of formula (II) in a methanol/H2O mixture. Compounds of formula (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones, like imazamox.

Abstract: Systems and methods discussed herein can provide three-dimensional audio virtualization with sweet spot adaptation. In an example, an audio processor circuit can be used to update audio signals for sweet spot adaptation based on user information input to a graphical user interface information about a listener position in a listening environment.

Abstract: Systems and methods discussed herein can provide three-dimensional audio virtualization with sweet spot adaptation. In an example, an audio processor circuit can be used to update audio signals for sweet spot adaptation based on user information input to a graphical user interface information about a listener position in a listening environment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a compound of formula (I): wherein R is hydrogen or R?, wherein R? is —(C1-C4)alkyl, and Hal is a halogen, the process comprising the step of: reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein Hal is defined as above, with an alkali metal alkoxide of the formula XOR?, wherein X is an alkali metal, and R? is defined as above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing dihalogen substituted salicylic acid derivatives of formula (II):

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a compound of formula (IV): wherein R1 and R2 are each independently C1-C4 alkyl, and Hal is independently Cl or Br, the process comprising the steps of: (i) reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein R1 and Hal is defined as above, to obtain a compound of formula (III) wherein R1 and Hal is defined as above, and (ii) reacting the compound of formula (III) to obtain the compound of formula (IV).

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a compound of formula (I), Comprising reacting a compound of formula (II) in a methanol/H2O mixture. Compounds of formula (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones, like imazamox.

Abstract: A process for purifying 2,5-dichlorophenol, the process comprising the steps of distillation and subsequent crystallization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a compound of formula (I): wherein Hal is a halogen, the process comprising the step of: reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein Hal is defined as above, with an alkali metal sulfite of the formula X2SO3 and an alkali metal hydroxide of the formula YOH, wherein X and Y are independently selected from an alkali metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a compound of formula (IV): wherein R1 and R2 are each independently C1-C4 alkyl, and Hal is independently Cl or Br, the process comprising the steps of: (i) reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein R1 and Hal is defined as above, to obtain a compound of formula (III) wherein R1 and Hal is defined as above, and (ii) reacting the compound of formula (III) to obtain the compound of formula (IV).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing dihalogen substituted salicylic acid derivatives of formula (II):

Abstract: A process for purifying 2,5-dichlorophenol, the process comprising the steps of distillation and subsequent crystallization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a compound of formula (I): wherein R is hydrogen or R?, wherein R? is -(C1-C4)alkyl, and Hal is a halogen, the process comprising the step of: reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein Hal is defined as above, with an alkali metal alkoxide of the formula XOR?, wherein X is an alkali metal, and R? is defined as above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing a compound of formula (I): wherein Hal is a halogen, the process comprising the step of: reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein Hal is defined as above, with an alkali metal sulfite of the formula X2SO3 and an alkali metal hydroxide of the formula YOH, wherein X and Y are independently selected from an alkali metal.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5-chloromethyl-2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid anhydrides (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with a chlorinating agent, optionally in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent selected from halogenated hydrocarbons, and (ii) crystallizing the compound (I) formed in step (i) from a solvent selected from chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, dichloroethane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, toluene, xylenes, ethyl acetate, methyl tert.-butyl ether, and mixtures thereof. Compounds (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5,6-disubstituted-3-pyridylmethyl ammonium bromides (I), wherein Q is a tertiary aliphatic or cyclic, saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic amine; Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; Y and Y1 are each independently OR1, NR1R2, or when taken together YY1 is —O—, —S— or NR3—; R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl optionally substituted with C1-C4 alkoxy or phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms, or phenyl optionally substituted with one to three C1-C4 alkyl groups, C1-C4 alkoxy groups or halogen atoms; R3 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; comprises the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with bromine in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent mixture comprising an aqueous phase and an organic phase, where the organic phase comprises a solvent selected from 1,2-dichloroethane

Abstract: A process for manufacturing 5-chloromethyl-2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid anhydrides (I) wherein Z is hydrogen or halogen; Z1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro; comprising the steps of (i) reacting a compound of formula (II), wherein the symbols have the meaning given in formula (I), with a chlorinating agent, optionally in the presence of a radical initiator in a solvent selected from halogenated hydrocarbons, and (ii) crystallizing the compound (I) formed in step (i) from a solvent selected from chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, dichloroethane, trichloromethane, dichloromethane, toluene, xylenes, ethyl acetate, methyl tert.-butyl ether, and mixtures thereof. Compounds (I) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of herbicidal imidazolinones.