Abstract: A BAW resonator includes a nonlinear substrate defining a cavity, and an acoustic stack over the cavity, including a bottom electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a top electrode, where an active region of the acoustic stack includes overlapping portions of the cavity, the bottom electrode, the piezoelectric layer and the top electrode. The BAW resonator further includes a connecting strip extending from a portion of the top electrode for providing electrical excitation of the acoustic stack, where an E-field generated in the BAW resonator begins at the top electrode and terminates at the bottom electrode in response to the electrical excitation. The cavity includes an inner portion in the active region and an extended portion extending from an outer perimeter of the active region underneath the connecting strip. A length of the extended portion are sufficient to substantially prevent portions of the E-field from passing through the substrate.

Abstract: A BAW resonator includes a nonlinear substrate defining a cavity, and an acoustic stack over the cavity, including a bottom electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a top electrode, where an active region of the acoustic stack includes overlapping portions of the cavity, the bottom electrode, the piezoelectric layer and the top electrode. The BAW resonator further includes a connecting strip extending from a portion of the top electrode for providing electrical excitation of the acoustic stack, where an E-field generated in the BAW resonator begins at the top electrode and terminates at the bottom electrode in response to the electrical excitation. The cavity includes an inner portion in the active region and an extended portion extending from an outer perimeter of the active region underneath the connecting strip. A length of the extended portion are sufficient to substantially prevent portions of the E-field from passing through the substrate.

Abstract: A system divides a signal into first and second portions and transmits the first and second portions through different signal paths between a first port and a second port. Each of the signal paths comprises an amplifier arranged in sequence with a passive device. Phase shifters may be included in each of the signal paths to produce cancellation of intermodulation products by destructive interference.

Abstract: An apparatus includes: a first apparatus port receiving a first signal having a first frequency; a second apparatus port outputting the first signal having the first frequency; a first passive device connected between the first and second apparatus ports; a second passive device connected between the first and second apparatus ports; a plurality of phase shifters each providing a corresponding phase shift, wherein at least one of the phase shifters provides its phase shift in a first signal path between the first and second apparatus ports through the first passive device, and wherein at least another phase shifter provides its phase shift in a second signal path between the first and second apparatus ports through the second passive device. The phase shifts are selected to cancel an upper or lower intermodulation product between the first signal and a second signal having a second frequency received at the second apparatus port.

Abstract: A system divides a signal into first and second portions and transmits the first and second portions through different signal paths between a first port and a second port. Each of the signal paths comprises an amplifier arranged in sequence with a passive device. Phase shifters may be included in each of the signal paths to produce cancellation of intermodulation products by destructive interference.

Abstract: An apparatus includes: a first apparatus port receiving a first signal having a first frequency; a second apparatus port outputting the first signal having the first frequency; a first passive device connected between the first and second apparatus ports; a second passive device connected between the first and second apparatus ports; a plurality of phase shifters each providing a corresponding phase shift, wherein at least one of the phase shifters provides its phase shift in a first signal path between the first and second apparatus ports through the first passive device, and wherein at least another phase shifter provides its phase shift in a second signal path between the first and second apparatus ports through the second passive device. The phase shifts are selected to cancel an upper or lower intermodulation product between the first signal and a second signal having a second frequency received at the second apparatus port.

Abstract: An electronic device. The electronic device includes a first electrode and a coating layer. The electronic device is fabricated on a substrate; the substrate has a cavity created in a top surface of the substrate; and the first electrode is electrically coupled to the substrate. The coating layer coats at least part of a substrate surface in the cavity, and the presence of the coating layer results in a mitigation of at least one parasitic leakage path between the first electrode and an additional electrode fabricated on the substrate.

Abstract: A single cavity acoustic resonator comprises: a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The single cavity acoustic resonator also comprises: a first piezoelectric layer disposed between the third electrode and the first electrode, and comprising a first C-axis having an orientation; and a second piezoelectric layer disposed between the third electrode and the second electrode, and comprising a second C-axis having an orientation parallel to the first C-axis. Application of a time varying electrical signal at a drive frequency to either the third electrode or to the first and second electrodes results in a resonance of the single cavity acoustic resonator at twice a fundamental resonant frequency and a cancellation of substantially all even-order mixing products in the single cavity resonator. An electrical filter and a duplexer are also described.

Abstract: A single cavity acoustic resonator comprises: a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The single cavity acoustic resonator also comprises: a first piezoelectric layer disposed between the third electrode and the first electrode, and comprising a first C-axis having an orientation; and a second piezoelectric layer disposed between the third electrode and the second electrode, and comprising a second C-axis having an orientation parallel to the first C-axis. Application of a time varying electrical signal at a drive frequency to either the third electrode or to the first and second electrodes results in a resonance of the single cavity acoustic resonator at twice a fundamental resonant frequency and a cancellation of substantially all even-order mixing products in the single cavity resonator. An electrical filter and a duplexer are also described.

Abstract: An electronic device. The electronic device includes a first electrode and a coating layer. The electronic device is fabricated on a substrate; the substrate has a cavity created in a top surface of the substrate; and the first electrode is electrically coupled to the substrate. The coating layer coats at least part of a substrate surface in the cavity, and the presence of the coating layer results in a mitigation of at least one parasitic leakage path between the first electrode and an additional electrode fabricated on the substrate.

Abstract: An electronic device. The electronic device includes a first electrode and a coating layer. The electronic device is fabricated on a substrate; the substrate has a cavity created in a top surface of the substrate; and the first electrode is electrically coupled to the substrate. The coating layer coats at least part of a substrate surface in the cavity, and the presence of the coating layer results in a mitigation of at least one parasitic leakage path between the first electrode and an additional electrode fabricated on the substrate.

Abstract: A multiport vector network analyzer calibration employs measurements of an asymmetric reciprocal device to determine a value of a defining parameter of a calibration standard in a set of calibration standards. A method of determining a parameter value determines and reports the parameter value. A method of compensating a calibration determines the parameter value and employs the determined parameter value to optimize a set of error coefficients of an error model of the multiport vector network analyzer. A multiport vector network analyzer that includes a controller, a test set, and computer program executed by the controller, compensates a calibration using the determined parameter value and a set of optimized error coefficients. A calibration compensation system that includes a multiport vector network analyzer, a computer, and a computer program executed by the computer, determines and reports the parameter value.

Abstract: A vector network analyzer calibration employs measurements of an asymmetric reciprocal device to determine a value of a defining parameter of a calibration standard in a set of calibration standards. A method of determining a parameter value determines and reports the parameter value. A method of compensating a calibration determines the parameter value and employs the determined parameter value to optimize a set of error coefficients of an error model of the vector network analyzer. A vector network analyzer that includes a controller, a test set, and computer program executed by the controller, compensates a calibration using the determined parameter value and a set of optimized error coefficients. A calibration compensation system that includes a vector network analyzer, a computer, and a computer program executed by the computer, determines and reports the parameter value.

Abstract: High port-to-port RF isolation for a test socket in a production RF test environment is achieved by establishing a coaxial-type connection between the test socket and the device under test (DUT). This coaxial-type connection results by at least partially surrounding each port of the DUT with a ground seal connected to RF ground connection. In one embodiment, the ground seal is a metallic base plate of the test socket which surrounds the RF connection to the DUT.

Abstract: An interface model of a ground-signal-ground (“GSG”) probe is included when simulating an electronic circuit that develops unbalanced ground currents. The interface model of the GSG probe is used to obtain simulated results that more closely match data measured from the electronic device when using the GSG probe.

Abstract: An interface model of a ground-signal-ground (“GSG”) probe is included when simulating an electronic circuit that develops unbalanced ground currents. The interface model of the GSG probe is used to obtain simulated results that more closely match data measured from the electronic device when using the GSG probe.

Abstract: A multiport vector network analyzer calibration employs measurements of an asymmetric reciprocal device to determine a value of a defining parameter of a calibration standard in a set of calibration standards. A method of determining a parameter value determines and reports the parameter value. A method of compensating a calibration determines the parameter value and employs the determined parameter value to optimize a set of error coefficients of an error model of the multiport vector network analyzer. A multiport vector network analyzer that includes a controller, a test set, and computer program executed by the controller, compensates a calibration using the determined parameter value and a set of optimized error coefficients. A calibration compensation system that includes a multiport vector network analyzer, a computer, and a computer program executed by the computer, determines and reports the parameter value.

Abstract: A vector network analyzer calibration employs measurements of an asymmetric reciprocal device to determine a value of a defining parameter of a calibration standard in a set of calibration standards. A method of determining a parameter value determines and reports the parameter value. A method of compensating a calibration determines the parameter value and employs the determined parameter value to optimize a set of error coefficients of an error model of the vector network analyzer. A vector network analyzer that includes a controller, a test set, and computer program executed by the controller, compensates a calibration using the determined parameter value and a set of optimized error coefficients. A calibration compensation system that includes a vector network analyzer, a computer, and a computer program executed by the computer, determines and reports the parameter value.

Abstract: High port-to-port RF isolation for a test socket in a production RF test environment is achieved by establishing a coaxial-type connection between the test socket and the device under test (DUT). This coaxial-type connection results by at least partially surrounding each port of the DUT with a ground seal connected to RF ground connection. In one embodiment, the ground seal is a metallic base plate of the test socket which surrounds the RF connection to the DUT.