Abstract: The current technology is related to methods for rapidly determining the metabolic baseline and potential of living cells. Embodiments relate to measuring the activity of each of the two major energy-generating pathways within the cell: mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, first under baseline conditions, and again after applying a stress to the cells to demand increased energy supply. In some embodiments the stress may be applied by exposing the cells to a combination of two chemical compounds: a mitochondrial uncoupler and an ATP synthase inhibitor. In one embodiment, the metabolic energy generating activity of the mitochondrial respiration pathway is determined by measuring the rate of oxygen consumption by the living cells, and the metabolic energy generating activity of the glycolysis pathway is determined from a measurement of extracellular acidification caused by secretion of protons from the cell.

Abstract: The current technology is related to methods for rapidly determining the metabolic baseline and potential of living cells. Embodiments relate to measuring the activity of each of the two major energy-generating pathways within the cell: mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, first under baseline conditions, and again after applying a stress to the cells to demand increased energy supply. In some embodiments the stress may be applied by exposing the cells to a combination of two chemical compounds: a mitochondrial uncoupler and an ATP synthase inhibitor. In one embodiment, the metabolic energy generating activity of the mitochondrial respiration pathway is determined by measuring the rate of oxygen consumption by the living cells, and the metabolic energy generating activity of the glycolysis pathway is determined from a measurement of extracellular acidification caused by secretion of protons from the cell.

Abstract: The current technology is related to methods for rapidly determining the metabolic baseline and potential of living cells. Embodiments relate to measuring the activity of each of the two major energy-generating pathways within the cell: mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, first under baseline conditions, and again after applying a stress to the cells to demand increased energy supply. In some embodiments the stress may be applied by exposing the cells to a combination of two chemical compounds: a mitochondrial uncoupler and an ATP synthase inhibitor. In one embodiment, the metabolic energy generating activity of the mitochondrial respiration pathway is determined by measuring the rate of oxygen consumption by the living cells, and the metabolic energy generating activity of the glycolysis pathway is determined from a measurement of extracellular acidification caused by secretion of protons from the cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for non-destructively measuring in vitro the effect on cellular metabolism of the addition to animal cells in culture of a soluble molecule potentially capable of perturbing the biological state of the cells, such as a drug or drug candidate, a toxin, a ligand known or suspected to bind to a cell surface receptor, a nutrient, a cytokine, a growth factor, a chemokine, a metabolism inhibitor or stimulator. Also disclosed are methods for measuring cell viability, vitality, or quality, e.g., in anticipation of the execution of an experiment on the cells. The measurements are done by observing alteration in the rates of consumption or production of extracellular solutes related to aerobic and anaerobic cellular metabolism, such as oxygen, protons, nutrients, carbon dioxide, lactate, or lactic acid. The methods are particularly useful in drug discovery efforts, such as cancer drug discovery and searches for modulators of cellular metabolism.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to cells transformed with self-inactivating retroviral vectors and their use in methods of screening for candidate bioactive agents that produce an altered phenotype in the cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to retroviral vectors comprising fusion nucleic acids useful for expressing a plurality of separate proteins products encoded by genes of interest. The invention further relates to use of the compositions in methods for screening for candidate agents producing an altered phenotype in cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and compositions useful in screening for modulators of IgE synthesis, secretion and switch rearrangement.