Abstract: The present invention relates to a multiple part, quadrate container used for refrigerated and frozen dough intermediates that provides portion control for the consumer. More particularly, the present invention is a paperboard container sized and configured to receive one or more individual dough intermediates containing packages. The dough intermediates are contained or packaged in envelopes, sleeves, tube, cans or films that may include the ability to sequester or scavenge gas released by the dough. By incorporating a package within a package, a portion control arrangement is provided that gives the consumer added convenience.

Abstract: Systems and methods for encoding and decoding serial bit streams are provided. A parity bit is computed for each nibble, with the parity alternating between odd and even in a regular manner for normal data, and with parity having predetermined different patterns to indicate the start of a packet or the end of a packet. Special code words indicate the idle state and an error state. In some systems an extra vertical parity channel is provided in association with a group of data channels, the vertical parity channel effectively providing a protection channel.

Abstract: A water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion comprises a continuous aqueous phase having dispersed therein oil phase droplets wherein each oil phase droplet contains an inner dispersion of aqueous phase droplets, a water-soluble or water-dispersible active material being dissolved or dispersed in the inner dispersion of aqueous phase droplets and at least one of (a) the inner dispersion of aqueous phase droplets and (b) the oil phase droplets being encapsulated within a polymer wall material.

Abstract: An optical flattening filter is cascaded with an optical filter between an input and an output of an optical arrangement to provide a substantially widened flat passband at an output of the optical arrangement. The optical filter is responsive to an input signal for generating a periodic or a periodic output response waveform having a cosine squared or Gaussian passband or any rounded passband shape. The optical flattening filter is designed to generate a response waveform having a spectral profile which is complementary to the periodic or aperiodic output response waveform of the optical filter. The interaction of the response waveforms of the optical filter and the optical flattening filter provide a resultant response waveform at the output of the optical arrangement wherein each peak therein is substantially flattened to provide a passband which is wider than the response waveform provided by the optical filter.

Abstract: In a computer display system, a method for mapping textures to three dimensional surfaces divided into a one or more polygons including the steps of determining pixels to be utilized in describing a polygon, selecting a texture map having a scale chosen to reproduce accurately a texture value for pixels for a polygon, determining a plurality of texture coordinates of a pixel at a plurality of positions surrounding a center of the pixel, determining texture values at each of the determined positions, and blending the texture values at the points to produce a texture value for the pixel.

Abstract: A method which evaluates each sequence of pixels provided in a polygon to determine whether the pixels vary linearly, selects sequences of adjacent pixels which vary linearly, determines a processing factor for the sequence of pixels, processes only every one of a selected number of pixels of the sequence, and interpolates the data for pixels of the sequence between the processed pixels after the processed pixels have been processed.

Abstract: A method which derives for each triangle to be rendered the values of the texture map coordinates in world space and the screen space two dimensional coordinates across the polygon, utilizes the values to provide two bounding boxes, compares the values of sides of the bounding boxes, and uses these comparisons to select a texture map of a scale which will provide an accurate color representation of a texture value for the pixels of the polygon.

Abstract: An optical modulator receives both an optical channel signal and at least one electrical driving voltage signal, and generates an optical output channel signal which is polarization independent. The optical modulator includes at least three electrodes, and first and second lithium niobate optical waveguides interspersed between the electrodes. At least one electrode receives the driving voltage signal to provide a travelling wave therealong. The first optical waveguide receives the optical channel signal, and the second optical waveguide provides the optical output channel signal. A cross splice/delay line interconnects the second end of the first optical waveguide to the first end of the second optical waveguide with polarization maintaining optical fibers, respectively, for introducing a predetermined rotation of TE and TM modes. As a result, polarization components at the second end of the second optical waveguide experience a same amount of phase modulation.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with an air compressor that receives precharged air from the crankcase of the engine. By providing pressurized air to the air compressor, the mass flow through the compressor can be increased without requiring an increase in the size of the compressor. The plurality of crankcase chambers of the engine can be connected to a common manifold chamber which, in turn, can be connected to the air inlet of the compressor. The air outlet of the compressor can be connected to a plenum chamber that is, in turn, connected to all of the fuel injectors of a fuel injected engine. Alternatively, the air outlet of the compressor can be used to provide pressurized air to other portions of the engine, whether it is fuel injected or carbureted.

Abstract: A circuit for accelerating processing of pixel data being provided to a frame buffer comprising circuitry for determining that pixel values vary linearly over a scan line of a polygon to be rendered, linear interpolation circuitry for providing pixel values using a process of linear interpolation between accurately determined pixel values, and a circuit for collecting pixel values to be written to a frame buffer until a significant number of pixel values may be written together.

Abstract: A fuel system uses a vacuum source to draw fuel from a fuel tank into a fuel reservoir. By avoiding the need for a fuel tank to pump fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel reservoir, a common incidence of vapor lock is prevented. The vacuum is provided by a crankcase of a compressor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a container suitable for pressurized non-flowable consumer goods such as refrigeratable bread doughs and the like. In a first embodiment, the container includes a removable lid, a shell having sidewalls, and a piston plate. The bottom of the container includes an access port therethrough to permit access to the piston plate, which may be urged upwardly to remove product from the container. In a second embodiment, the container includes a removable lid, a shell having sidewalls and a bottom, and a removable liner. The liner may include manually graspable flanges and a stirrup extending beneath the product. The product may be removed from the container by grasping the flanges of the liner and withdrawing the liner and the product through the open top of the shell.

Abstract: A dough can capable of venting internal gasses during proofing until the dough expands to fill the volume of the container is disclosed. The container of the present invention includes a cylindrical body, at least one end cap, a second end and means for allowing venting of internal gasses during proofing. A preferred means includes providing at least one notch in the wall of the container proximate the end cap. A method of proofing dough is also disclosed.

Abstract: The Rolling Average Rate Read Indicator and Method detects the presence of a particular constituent in either a solid, liquid or gas and returns a rapid and accurate measurement of the concentration of the constituent. The Indicator is comprised of a sensor (12) containing a stepper motor (36) driven tape impregnated with a chemical substance reactive to a particular constituent. Discoloration of the tape occurs in the presence of the constituent and this discoloration is converted to an electrical signal which is indicative of the rate of change in the chemical reaction taking place and is linear for some portion of time. The signal is differentiated (16) and the resultant differentiated signal is indicative of the arithmetic mean of a plurality of instantaneous values taken at intervals during the linear portion of the reaction. The extent of the reaction as evidenced by the level of the sensor output signal is continuously monitored and compared (26) to a known value.

Abstract: A mix for forming a carbon-bonded refractory comprising from about 8 to 30 wt. % of a high purity carbon, about 0.1 to 1 wt. % of aluminum metal, magnesium metal, or a mixture thereof, and the balance a high purity magnesite, and for each 100 wt. % of said magnesite, carbon, and metal, a carbonaceous bonding agent in an amount sufficient to bond the mix; said carbon containing at least about 98% carbon and said magnesite containing at least about 98% MgO, and containing less than about 0.03% boron oxide, less than about 0.3% silica, and having a CaO/SiO.sub.2 weight ratio above about 2, and the resultant carbon-bonded refractory shapes and liners for metal processing equipment, especially BOF, made from such shapes and the method of increasing the life of liners for such equipment.

Abstract: A mix for forming a carbon-bonded refractory shape comprising from about 70 to 92 wt. % of a high purity magnesite and about 8 to 30 wt. % of a high purity graphite, and for each 100 wt. % of said magnesite and graphite, from about 1.5 to 6 wt. % of a carbon-containing bonding agent; said graphite containing at least about 98% carbon and having at least about 75% by weight -65 mesh or finer particles and said magnesite containing at least about 98% MgO, and containing less than about 0.03% boron oxide, less than about 0.3% silica, and having a CaO/SiO.sub.2 weight ratio above about 2, and the resultant carbon-bonded refractory shape and liner for basic oxygen furnaces made from such shapes and the method of increasing the life of liners for basic oxygen furnaces.

Abstract: The radial internal combustion engine has two pairs of opposed cylinders arranged on axes at 90 degrees to one another. Each pair of cylinders has opposed pistons, interconnected by a piston rod and scotch-yoke assembly. A piston rod is rigidly connected to each piston and extends inwardly to a heel having a load face transverse the axis of the crankshaft. A pair of rollers are mounted on the throw of the crankshaft with each roller being in alignment with and engaged by the load faces of a pair of the piston rods. Apertured retention plates on each side of each roller are fixed to the heels. The rollers engage the load faces. The crankshaft extends through the apertures in the retention plates and the plates are fixed to the heels by dowel pins positively locating and spacing the heels and the retention plates.

Abstract: A dough process is provided which allows for a slow release of pressure and dough expansion upon opening a dough container on chemically leavened fresh dough contained in the container with the release rate of pressure slower than a predetermined rate. The fresh dough contained in the container after slow release of pressure and baking will have high specific volume.

Abstract: The invention provides an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having therein a bore and first, second and third openings each communicating with the bore. A cover member having therein first and second cavities is removably attachable on the cylinder block with the first cavity communicating with the first bore opening and the second cavity communicating with each of the second and third bore openings. The cover member cavities and the associated bore openings together form passages communicating with the bore.

Abstract: A preformed cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine comprises a cylindrical sleeve including a sidewall defining a bore having oppositely spaced ends, the sidewall having therein a port. An exhaust passage integral with the sleeve communicates with the bore through the port. The exhaust passage includes an end portion extending outwardly of the sleeve sidewall and axially toward one of the bore ends. A cylinder block fabricated separately from the pre-formed cylinder liner has therein an interior chamber having a liner-receiving portion which accommodates the removable placement of the cylinder liner substantially wholly within the confines of the liner-receiving portion of the interior chamber, with the bore of the liner sealed from communication with the liner-receiving portion of the interior block chamber. The liner-receiving portion of the interior chamber is adapted to be connected to a source of liquid coolant. Direct cooling of the entire cylinder liner can be thereby provided.