Abstract: An area of a patient can be mapped with a system operable to identify a plurality of locations and save a plurality of locations of a mapping instrument. The mapping instrument can include one or more electrodes that can sense a voltage that can be correlated to a three dimensional location of the electrode at the time of the sensing or measurement. Therefore, a map of an area or volume can be determined based upon the sensing of the plurality of points without the use of an imaging device. An implantable medical device can then be navigated relative to the mapping data.

Abstract: A volume of a patient can be mapped with a system operable to identify a plurality of locations and save a plurality of locations of a mapping instrument. The mapping instrument can include one or more electrodes that can sense a voltage that can be correlated to a three dimensional location of the electrode at the time of the sensing or measurement. Therefore, a map of a volume can be determined based upon the sensing of the plurality of points without the use of other imaging devices. An implantable medical device can then be navigated relative to the mapping data.

Abstract: An volume of a patient can be mapped with a system operable to identify a plurality of locations and save a plurality of locations of a mapping instrument. The mapping instrument can include one or more electrodes that can sense a voltage that can be correlated to a three dimensional location of the electrode at the time of the sensing or measurement. Therefore, a map of a volume can be determined based upon the sensing of the plurality of points without the use of other imaging devices. An implantable medical device can then be navigated relative to the mapping data.

Abstract: A programmable infusion pump and controller for automatically determining the interval between pump activations necessary to produce a substantially linear rate of increase or decrease in fluid flow, during the administration of fluids to a patient. The infusion pump contains a user interface, with a keyboard to enter infusion volume, infusion period, and taper period. When the pump is turned on, the previous infusion parameters are retrieved from non-volatile memory. If the user attempts to alter the infusion parameters so as to violate the "rate too high" or "rate too low" criteria of the system, an alarm sounds and the user interface displays the "next best answer" possible. The pump also allows the user to initiate the taper sequence at any time during plateau or continuous fluid delivery.