Abstract: Disclosed herein is a plasma treatment method comprising: providing a plasma source and a screen comprising a hydrogel and positioning the screen between the plasma source and a surface of a target to be treated with the plasma such that substantially all of the plasma from the plasma source passes through the screen prior to contacting the surface of the target and the screen reduces the concentration of one or more species from the plasma; and/or contacting a surface of a target to be treated with the gel composition comprising a gel forming material and a liquid phase comprising plasma activated liquid.

Abstract: There is described herein, a plasma device for the generation of oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and methods of generating RONS using the plasma device.

Abstract: A laminate product is disclosed. The laminate product includes a base layer formed from a thermoplastic polyolefin and a bondable first layer laminated to the base layer. Paint, ink, or attachments may be applied to the bondable first layer. A method of producing the laminate product includes the steps of laminating a base layer and a bondable first layer by application of pressure and heat to the base layer and the first layer. Paint, ink, or attachments may then be applied to the bondable first layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and products for delivering cells to a biological site. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of delivering cells to a biological site. The method comprises providing a product comprising an alkylamine functionalised substrate and cells for delivery to the biological site attached to the functionalised substrate, wherein the alkylamine functionalised substrate comprises a surface density with an atomic ratio of primary amine to carbon of greater than 0.005, and applying the product to the biological site to allow transfer of the cells from the product to the biological site, thereby delivering cells to the site.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for producing methanol from organic material, characterized in that the apparatus includes an anaerobic digestion arrangement for receiving the organic material and for anaerobically-digesting the organic material in oxygen-depleted conditions to generate methane gas; and a chemical reaction arrangement for reacting the methane gas with water vapour and carbon dioxide in a stoichiometric condition (Eq. 4) between methane steam reforming and methane dry reforming to generate methanol. The apparatus is operable to support a stoichiometric reaction as follows: CO2+3CH4+2H2O=4CH3OH??Eq. 4 The chemical reaction arrangement is operable to provide the stoichiometric condition (Eq. 4) at a first stage for steam reforming at a pressure in a range of 10 Bar to 30 Bar, and at a temperature in a range of 750° C. to 950° C.; and at a second stage of methanol synthesis at a pressure in a range of 50 Bar to 100 Bar, and at a temperature in a range of 200° C. to 250° C.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for producing methanol from organic material, wherein the apparatus includes: (i) an anaerobic digestion arrangement for receiving the organic material and for anaerobically-digesting the organic material in oxygen-depleted conditions to generate an anaerobic digestion gas (AD gas) comprising at least methane, and carbon dioxide; (ii) a pressure swing absorption (PSA) arrangement for the removal of excess carbon dioxide; (iii) a chemical reaction arrangement for reacting the methane gas with water vapour and carbon dioxide in a stoichiometric condition of the reaction, CO2+3CH4+2H2O=4CH3OH, between methane steam reforming and methane dry reforming to generate a synthesis gas, and converting the synthesis gas to methanol; and (iv) an recovery arrangement for recovering unreacted methane and feeding the recovered unreacted methane into the exit stream from the anaerobic digestion arrangement.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to calculating dimensions of loaded or partially loaded pallets for purposes of billing. A plurality of cameras are utilized to determine dimensions of a package placed in bounding volume for shipping.

Abstract: An improved system and method for producing methanol product. The system and the method of the present disclosure uses a gas feed arrangement for providing a methane rich gas feed and an apparatus for converting the methane rich gas feed into the methanol product. The apparatus includes an auto-thermal reforming arrangement for converting one or more gaseous components present in the methane rich gas feed. The auto-thermal reforming arrangement is configured to partially oxidise the methane rich gas feed to maintain the auto-thermal reforming arrangement at a working temperature when in operation. Also, the auto-thermal reforming arrangement employs electrical power generated from an energy source, preferably a renewable energy source, to provide additional heating in the auto-thermal reforming arrangement for maintaining the working temperature when in operation.

Abstract: A reaction apparatus for producing polyethylene glycol dinitrate (PEGDN) in a continuous manner includes a series of reaction cells spatially disposed in one or more planar structures and a separation arrangement for separating PEGDN and Ammonium Nitrate, in a continuous manner. The separation arrangement is a thin film evaporator and/or falling film evaporator. The plurality of reaction cells includes a feed preparation section having feedstreams for continuously providing an acid composition and a glycol composition to reaction cells. The plurality of reaction cells further includes a nitration section, where the acid composition and the glycol composition react to generate a reaction composition, and a quench and neutralization section, having feed for cooling arrangement and a plurality of feeds for providing an alkaline composition to at least partially neutralize reaction composition. The acid composition includes a mixture of dilute nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing polyethylene glycol dinitrate. The apparatus includes providing continuously an acid composition and a glycol composition to a reaction apparatus; reacting the acid composition and the glycol composition in the reaction apparatus in a continuous manner to generate a reaction composition; using an alkaline composition to at least partially neutralize the reaction composition to cause at least a portion of the polyethylene glycol dinitrate to deposit from a solution of the reaction composition; and extracting the deposit of polyethylene glycol dinitrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for calculating dimensions of objects on loaded or partially loaded pallets for purposes of billing in shipping and transportation applications using depth-sensing imaging devices. A plurality of depth maps of an object are retrieved from one or more imaging devices. The depth maps are filtered and transformed into a world co-ordinate system based on calibration of the imaging devices. A point cloud is generated and a minimum volume bounding box is determined. The edge lengths and height of the object are calculated, and a volume may be determined to associate a volume with the object.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to calculating dimensions of loaded or partially loaded pallets for purposes of billing. A plurality of cameras are utilized to determine dimensions of a package placed in bounding volume for shipping.

Abstract: A method of increasing efficiency of a combustion system, which runs with alcohol fuels, by injecting a controlled quantity of a fuel additive. The method includes using one of a single injector tip for pre-mixed alcohol fuel and fuel additive or individual injector tips for the alcohol fuel and the fuel additive. The fuel additive includes a mixture of organic compounds of which at least one organic compound includes at least one nitrate molecular group. The method further includes injecting the pre-mixed alcohol fuel and fuel additive or the alcohol fuel and the fuel additive individually into one or more combustion chambers of the engine block. The method also includes controlling a quantity of the fuel additive by a control arrangement associated with a temperature sensor, and controlling a flow-rate of the alcohol fuel by a power control adapted to controller an output power from the engine block.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a mixed signal integrated circuit is provided that includes both a digital portion and an analog portion. A shield is provided that overlays one of the digital portion or the analog portion of the mixed signal integrated circuit. The shield limits propagation of signals between the digital portion and the analog portion of the mixed signal integrated circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and products for delivering cells to a biological site. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of delivering cells to a biological site. The method comprises providing a product comprising an alkylamine functionalised substrate and cells for delivery to the biological site attached to the functionalised substrate, wherein the alkylamine functionalised substrate comprises a surface density with an atomic ratio of primary amine to carbon of greater than 0.005, and applying the product to the biological site to allow transfer of the cells from the product to the biological site, thereby delivering cells to the site.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing polyethylene glycol dinitrate. The apparatus includes providing continuously an acid composition and a glycol composition to a reaction apparatus; reacting the acid composition and the glycol composition in the reaction apparatus in a continuous manner to generate a reaction composition; using an alkaline composition to at least partially neutralize the reaction composition to cause at least a portion of the polyethylene glycol dinitrate to deposit from a solution of the reaction composition; and extracting the deposit of polyethylene glycol dinitrate.

Abstract: A fuel for use in internal combustion engines, wherein the fuel includes a mixture of at least one alcohol, water, urea and/or Ammonium Nitrate. The water is included in a quantity which renders the Ammonium Nitrate and/or urea dissolved in the at least one alcohol. The at least one alcohol is methanol included in a concentration having a range of 90-97 weight %. The Ammonium Nitrate is included in a concentration having a range of 0.5-10 weight %; more optionally, the Ammonium Nitrate is included in a concentration having a range of 1-5 weight %. Further, the urea is included in a concentration having a range of 1-10 weight %.

Abstract: An enhanced fuel, a method of producing such enhanced fuel, and method of using such enhanced fuel for operating internal combustion engine. The fuel includes a mixture of at least one alcohol, water and ammonium nitrate (AN) as a cetane enhancer. The water is included in a quantity which renders the ammonium nitrate dissolved in the at least one alcohol. The fuel further contains dimethylether as an ignition-improver additive, at least one lubricity agent and at least one anti-corrosion agent.

Abstract: Embodiments of a solid state photomultiplier are provided herein. In some embodiments, a solid state photomultiplier may include an epitaxial layer, a high voltage region formed in the epitaxial layer, a low voltage region formed in the epitaxial layer, and an intermediate region disposed between the high voltage region and low voltage region, wherein the high voltage region is electrically coupled to the low voltage region via the intermediate region, and wherein at least a portion of the epitaxial layer is disposed between the high voltage region and intermediate region and between the low voltage region and the intermediate region.

Abstract: Improved imaging systems are disclosed. More particularly, the present disclosure provides for an improved image sensor assembly for an imaging system, the image sensor assembly having an integrated photodetector array and its associated data acquisition electronics fabricated on the same substrate. By integrating the electronics on the same substrate as the photodetector array, this thereby reduces fabrications costs, and reduces interconnect complexity. Since both the photodiode contacts and the associated electronics are on the same substrate/plane, this thereby substantially eliminates certain expensive/time-consuming processing techniques. Moreover, the co-location of the electronics next to or proximal to the photodetector array provides for a much finer resolution detector assembly since the interconnect bottleneck between the electronics and the photodetector array is substantially eliminated/reduced.