Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of a device and obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the device to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band, and one or more transmission characteristics of the transmissions of the licensed entity. The method further includes determining beam steering characteristics for wireless transmissions of the device within the frequency band using the spectrum usage data. The beam steering characteristics are determined using the transmission characteristics for the licensed entity and configured to reduce interference with the transmissions of the licensed entity within the frequency band caused by the wireless transmissions of the device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of a device and obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the device to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band, and one or more transmission characteristics of the transmissions of the licensed entity. The method further includes determining beam steering characteristics for wireless transmissions of the device within the frequency band using the spectrum usage data. The beam steering characteristics are determined using the transmission characteristics for the licensed entity and configured to reduce interference with the transmissions of the licensed entity within the frequency band caused by the wireless transmissions of the device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of a device and obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the device to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band, and one or more transmission characteristics of the transmissions of the licensed entity. The method further includes determining beam steering characteristics for wireless transmissions of the device within the frequency band using the spectrum usage data. The beam steering characteristics are determined using the transmission characteristics for the licensed entity and configured to reduce interference with the transmissions of the licensed entity within the frequency band caused by the wireless transmissions of the device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of a device and obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the device to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band, and one or more transmission characteristics of the transmissions of the licensed entity. The method further includes determining beam steering characteristics for wireless transmissions of the device within the frequency band using the spectrum usage data. The beam steering characteristics are determined using the transmission characteristics for the licensed entity and configured to reduce interference with the transmissions of the licensed entity within the frequency band caused by the wireless transmissions of the device.

Abstract: A saw chain includes a tie strap adapted to be pivotally connected to other links of the saw chain. The tie strap features an interior hole with a chamfered edge. An interior counterbore in the interior hole receives a barrel portion of a rivet. The rivet has two flanges extending from both sides of the barrel, each with a smaller diameter than the barrel, and each with chamfered corners in a transition area where the flanges meet the barrel. An exterior counterbore on an exterior surface of the tie strap receives a rivet head formed from one of the flanges, such that an exterior surface of the rivet head sits flush with the exterior surface of the tie strap.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of the apparatus. The method further includes obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the apparatus to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band. The frequency band includes a plurality of channels each having a fixed width. The method further include determining a first set of one or more of the plurality of channels containing the first sub-band of frequencies over which the licensed entity is licensed to communicate. The method further includes conducting wireless transmissions on a second set of one or more of the plurality of channels that do not contain the first sub-band of frequencies while disabling wireless transmissions on the first set of channels.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of the apparatus. The method further includes obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the apparatus to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band. The frequency band includes a plurality of channels each having a fixed width. The method further includes a modified transmission power using the spectrum usage data. The modified transmission power is configured to reduce interference with the licensed entity on the first sub-band. The method further includes conducting wireless transmissions on at least one of a first set of one or more of the plurality of channels containing the first sub-band or an adjacent channel that is adjacent to the first set of channels at the modified transmission power.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of a device and obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the device to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band, and one or more transmission characteristics of the transmissions of the licensed entity. The method further includes determining beam steering characteristics for wireless transmissions of the device within the frequency band using the spectrum usage data. The beam steering characteristics are determined using the transmission characteristics for the licensed entity and configured to reduce interference with the transmissions of the licensed entity within the frequency band caused by the wireless transmissions of the device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of the apparatus. The method further includes obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the apparatus to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band. The frequency band includes a plurality of channels each having a fixed width. The method further includes a modified transmission power using the spectrum usage data. The modified transmission power is configured to reduce interference with the licensed entity on the first sub-band. The method further includes conducting wireless transmissions on at least one of a first set of one or more of the plurality of channels containing the first sub-band or an adjacent channel that is adjacent to the first set of channels at the modified transmission power.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for conducting wireless communication are provided. One method includes identifying a location of the apparatus. The method further includes obtaining spectrum usage data from a database. The spectrum usage data indicates a licensed entity licensed within an area including the location of the apparatus to communicate across a first sub-band of frequencies within a frequency band. The frequency band includes a plurality of channels each having a fixed width. The method further include determining a first set of one or more of the plurality of channels containing the first sub-band of frequencies over which the licensed entity is licensed to communicate. The method further includes conducting wireless transmissions on a second set of one or more of the plurality of channels that do not contain the first sub-band of frequencies while disabling wireless transmissions on the first set of channels.

Abstract: A saw chain includes a tie strap adapted to be pivotally connected to other links of the saw chain. The tie strap features an interior hole with a chamfered edge. An interior counterbore in the interior hole receives a barrel portion of a rivet. The rivet has two flanges extending from both sides of the barrel, each with a smaller diameter than the barrel, and each with chamfered corners in a transition area where the flanges meet the barrel. An exterior counterbore on an exterior surface of the tie strap receives a rivet head formed from one of the flanges, such that an exterior surface of the rivet head sits flush with the exterior surface of the tie strap.

Abstract: A quick change cutting link of a saw chain for cutting wood comprises a base member adapted to be pivotally connected to other links of the saw chain. The base member comprises a seat surface. A cutting member comprising a “V” notch releasably engages the seat surface of the base member. Attached to the “V” notch is a carbide tip, including a cutting edge. The carbide tip is accurately placed in the “V” notch by mating with a small piece of metal in the “V” notch. The carbide tip is then sinterbrazed to the cutting member. The cutting member and seat surface may also comprise an inverted L-shaped protrusion and the other includes an inverted L-shaped recess for receiving the inverted L-shaped protrusion. The inverted L-shaped protrusion and recess may be designed so as to form a wedge.

Abstract: An anti-kickback saw chain including a plurality of links each having an upstream end and a downstream end relative to a direction of travel of the chain is provided. The anti-kickback saw chain comprises a holding link having a first side and a second side, a replaceable tooth adapted to be removably mounted on the downstream end of the holding link, and a safety drive link. The upstream end of the safety drive link is pivotally connected to the downstream end of the first side of the holding link. The safety drive link includes a safety lobe effective to prevent the tooth from being dislodged from the holding link during chain travel, and a substantially flat upper edge.

Abstract: Safety chain and rotatable devices, used on saws or other machines for cutting or abrading material, include a plurality of holding members on which replaceable teeth are retained. Safety lobes prevent the teeth from being dislodged during operation of the saw. The safety lobes may be disposed on a link located in front of the holding member or disposed on a link located in back of the holding member, or both. The teeth can include sharp edges adapted for cutting various materials including wood, plastic and metal and can be formed with abrasive surfaces for abrading materials including brick and concrete. The teeth are quickly removable from the saw without the need for fasteners. While the teeth may be retained by engagement between the teeth and holding member, the chain and rotatable devices may retain the teeth on the holding members using only the safety lobes or safety surfaces. The rotational device can include two blades each including holding members and safety lobes.

Abstract: A saw blade with replaceable cutter teeth is provided. The saw blade is generally planer and has a first side and a second side, a leading edge and an inner edge. Plural cutting teeth members are removably secured at alternating spaced apart locations on the first side and the second side of the saw blade. Cutting teeth members have a cutting blade which extends outwardly from the leading edge. A variety of different ways to secure the cutting teeth onto the first side and the second side of the saw blade are disclosed.

Abstract: A quick change cutting link of a saw chain for cutting wood comprises a base member adapted to be pivotally connected to other links of the saw chain. The base member comprises a seat surface. A cutting member comprising a “V” notch releasably engages the seat surface of the base member. Attached to the “V” notch is a carbide tip, including a cutting edge. The carbide tip is accurately placed in the “V” notch by mating with a small piece of metal in the “V” notch. The carbide tip is then sinterbrased to the cutting member. The cutting member and seat surface may also comprise an inverted L-shaped protrusion and the other includes an inverted L-shaped recess for receiving the inverted L-shaped protrusion. The inverted L-shaped protrusion and recess may be designed so as to form a wedge.

Abstract: A saw blade with replaceable cutter teeth is provided. The saw blade is generally planer and has a first side and a second side, a leading edge and an inner edge. Plural cutting teeth members are removably secured at alternating spaced apart locations on the first side and the second side of the saw blade. Cutting teeth members have a cutting blade which extends outwardly from the leading edge. A variety of different ways to secure the cutting teeth onto the first side and the second side of the saw blade are disclosed.

Abstract: Safety chain and rotatable devices for saws include a plurality of base members on which sharp members are retained. The sharp members include sintered particulate material such as tungsten carbide, which has high particle hardness. The base members are formable from sintered particulate material. The sharp members to be formed by powder metal molding, metal injection molding or investment casting to provide the protrusion and recess with a final net shape. The cutting member is one, two or more pieces, and is permanently bonded to or removably disposed on the base member. Bonding material or fasteners can connect the cutting member to the base or a tip to an insert body; bonding material includes cement, solder, braze and polymer. Safety lobes prevent the teeth from being dislodged.

Abstract: Safety chain and rotatable devices, used on saws or other machines for cutting or abrading material, include a plurality of holding members on which replaceable teeth are retained. Safety lobes prevent the teeth from being dislodged during operation of the saw. The safety lobes may be disposed on a link located upstream of the holding member or disposed on a link located downstream of the holding member, or both. The teeth can include sharp edges adapted for cutting various materials including wood, plastic and metal and can be formed with abrasive surfaces for abrading materials including brick and concrete. The teeth are quickly removable from the saw without the need for fasteners. While the teeth may be retained by engagement between the teeth and holding member, the chain and rotatable devices may retain the teeth on the holding members using only the safety lobes or safety surfaces. The rotational device can include two blades each including holding members and safety lobes.

Abstract: A quick change cutting link of saw chain for cutting wood comprises a base member adapted to be pivotally connected to other links of the saw chain. The base member comprises a seat surface. A cutting member comprising a cutting edge releasably engages the seat surface of the base member. The cutting member includes sintered and compacted particles of abrasion resistant material. In particular, in one design the base member seat surface has a first taper and the cutting member includes a surface having a second taper. The first and second tapers extend at an angle ranging from about 0.5° to about 45° relative to a direction of chain travel at a close tolerance effective to cause self-locking engagement of the first taper of the seat surface and the second taper of the cutting member surface. The close tolerance is characterized by variation in the angle being not more than about 1° and, in particular, not more than 0.5°.