Abstract: A driver circuit for driving signal lines of a matrix type display device includes pulsewidth modulation processing circuitry for generating pulsewidth modulated video data and driver circuitry for driving the signal lines in accordance with the pulsewidth modulated video data.

Abstract: An integrated circuit, such as a memory device, includes a built-in repair circuit. The repair circuit includes an on-chip source that produces a programming signal of sufficient duration and magnitude to program a programmable element that normally isolates a secondary circuit, such as redundant circuitry, from the remainder of the circuits on the device. Once programmed, the redundant circuitry may take the place of failed circuitry, and thus repair the device.

Abstract: A current controlled field emission display includes a controller that provides a pair of pulsed clocking signals that allows current to flow from ground potential to an emitter in the field emission display during each clocking signal pulse. The number of electrons, and thus the intensity of the light will depend upon the number N of clocking signal pulses during an activation interval. In one embodiment, each of the pulsed signals includes a number N of pulses that corresponds to a desired intensity of pixels. The pulsed signals are formed by gating a clock signal in response to digital data applied to the display such that the transfer of electrons is controlled directly by the digital data. In another embodiment, the pulsed signals are produced by comparing a decoded image signal to counts from a high speed counter.

Abstract: Apparatus for ensuring that, in a portable, battery-powered communication package incorporating at least two communication devices, such as a combination cellular telephone and a pager, sufficient power is provided for extended operation of the communication device having the lowest continuous power consumption requirements when the device having a higher continuous power consumption rate has consumed a selected portion of the total power initially available to the combined devices.

Abstract: An integrated circuit, such as a memory device, includes a built-in repair circuit. The repair circuit includes an on-chip source that produces a programming signal of sufficient duration and magnitude to program a programmable element that normally isolates a secondary circuit, such as redundant circuitry, from the remainder of the circuits on the device. Once programmed, the redundant circuitry may take the place of failed circuitry, and thus repair the device.

Abstract: A current controlled field emission display includes a controller that provides a pair of pulsed clocking signals that allows current to flow from ground potential to an emitter in the field emission display during each clocking signal pulse. The number of electrons, and thus the intensity of the light will depend upon the number N of clocking signal pulses during an activation interval. In one embodiment, each of the pulsed signals includes a number N of pulses that corresponds to a desired intensity of pixels. The pulsed signals are formed by gating a clock signal in response to digital data applied to the display such that the transfer of electrons is controlled directly by the digital data. In another embodiment, the pulsed signals are produced by comparing a decoded image signal to counts from a high speed counter.

Abstract: A current controlled field emission display includes a controller that provides a pair of pulsed clocking signals that allows current to flow from ground potential to an emitter in the field emission display during each clocking signal pulse. The number of electrons, and thus the intensity of the light will depend upon the number N of clocking signal pulses during an activation interval. In one embodiment, each of the pulsed signals includes a number N of pulses that corresponds to a desired intensity of pixels. The pulsed signals are formed by gating a clock signal in response to digital data applied to the display such that the transfer of electrons is controlled directly by the digital data. In another embodiment, the pulsed signals are produced by comparing a decoded image signal to counts from a high speed counter.

Abstract: An integrated circuit, such as a memory device, includes a built-in repair circuit. The repair circuit includes an on-chip source that produces a programming signal of sufficient duration and magnitude to program a programmable element that normally isolates a secondary circuit, such as redundant circuitry, from the remainder of the circuits on the device. Once programmed, the redundant circuitry may take the place of failed circuitry, and thus repair the device.

Abstract: Apparatus for ensuring that, in a portable, battery-powered communication package incorporating at least two communication devices, such as a combination cellular telephone and a pager, sufficient power is provided for extended operation of the communication device having the lowest continuous power consumption requirements when the device having a higher continuous power consumption rate has consumed a selected portion of the total power initially available to the combined devices.

Abstract: A high speed semiconductor device, such as a high speed dynamic random access memory (DRAM) includes an on-chip charge pump. The charge pump is based upon the flyback effect of an inductor, thereby permitting the charge pump to be switched at a frequency compatible with high performance semiconductor devices. The inductor of the charge pump comprises a plurality of serially connected metal spirals and is integrated into the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A phase-shifting lithographic mask, a method for its fabrication, and a method for its use in forming field-emission display emitters is described. The mask is made from a plate and has field and pattern regions that both transmit light of a given wavelength. The pattern region is a plurality of regularly spaced etched regions of the plate, with the optical path length of the pattern region differing from the optical path length of the field region by an odd integer multiple of one-half the light wavelength. Use of phase-shifting lithography improves depth-of-focus, and correspondingly relaxes planarity requirements. The pattern region of the mask is sized to expose a photoresist layer used in fabricating field-emission display emitters in just a single light exposure, thereby avoiding the disadvantages associated with conventional dual pass phase-shifting lithography.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for ensuring that, in a portable, battery-powered communication package incorporating at least two communication devices, such as a combination cellular telephone and a pager, sufficient power is provided for extended operation of the communication device having the lowest continuous power consumption requirements when the device having a higher continuous power consumption rate has consumed a selected portion of the total power initially available to the combined devices.

Abstract: A field emission display has electron emitters that are current-limited by implanting in a silicon layer only enough ions to produce a desired current, and then forming emitters from the silicon layer by isotropic etching.

Abstract: A phase-shifting lithographic mask, a method for its fabrication, and a method for its use in forming field-emission display emitters is described. The mask is made from a plate and has field and pattern regions that both transmit light of a given wavelength. The pattern region is a plurality of regularly spaced etched regions of the plate, with the optical path length of the pattern region differing from the optical path length of the field region by an odd integer multiple of one-half the light wavelength. Use of phase-shifting lithography improves depth-of-focus, and correspondingly relaxes planarity requirements. The pattern region of the mask is sized to expose a photoresist layer used in fabricating field-emission display emitters in just a single light exposure, thereby avoiding the disadvantages associated with conventional dual pass phase-shifting lithography.

Abstract: A high speed semiconductor device, such as a high speed dynamic random access memory (DRAM) includes an on-chip charge pump. The charge pump is based upon the flyback effect of an inductor, thereby permitting the charge pump to be switched at a frequency compatible with high performance semiconductor devices. The inductor of the charge pump comprises a plurality of serially connected metal spirals and is integrated into the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A phase-shifting lithographic mask, a method for its fabrication, and a method for its use in forming field-emission display emitters is described. The mask is made from a plate and has field and pattern regions that both transmit light of a given wavelength. The pattern region is a plurality of regularly spaced etched regions of the plate, with the optical path length of the pattern region differing from the optical path length of the field region by an odd integer multiple of one-half the light wavelength. Use of phase-shifting lithography improves depth-of-focus, and correspondingly relaxes planarity requirements. The pattern region of the mask is sized to expose a photoresist layer used in fabricating field-emission display emitters in just a single light exposure, thereby avoiding the disadvantages associated with conventional dual pass phase-shifting lithography.

Abstract: A field emission display has electron emitters that are current-limited by implanting in a silicon layer only enough ions to produce a desired current, and then forming emitters from the silicon layer by isotropic etching.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for modulating a conductive element in an FED device from a first level to a second level in which the charge on the display is conserved. In one embodiment, the apparatus has a primary modulator having a first input connected to a first signal representative of the second level, an output connected to the conductive element, and a second input connected to a first signal representative of the output; and a connector of a modifying voltage to the output, the connector having a first input connected to a second signal representative of the second level and a second input connected to a second signal responsive to the output.

Abstract: A current controlled field emission display includes a controller that provides a pair of pulsed clocking signals that allows current to flow from ground potential to an emitter in the field emission display during each clocking signal pulse. The number of electrons, and thus the intensity of the light will depend upon the number N of clocking signal pulses during an activation interval. In one embodiment, each of the pulsed signals includes a number N of pulses that corresponds to a desired intensity of pixels. The pulsed signals are formed by gating a clock signal in response to digital data applied to the display such that the transfer of electrons is controlled directly by the digital data. In another embodiment, the pulsed signals are produced by comparing a decoded image signal to counts from a high speed counter.

Abstract: A field emission display includes electrostatic discharge protection circuits coupled to an emitter substrate and an extraction grid. In the preferred embodiment, the electrostatic discharge circuit includes diodes reverse biased between grid sections and a first reference potential or between row lines and a second reference potential. The diodes provide a current path to discharge static voltage and thereby prevent a high voltage differential from being maintained between the emitter sets and the extraction grids. The diodes thereby prevent the emitter sets from emitting electrons at a high rate that may damage or destroy the emitter sets. In one embodiment, the diodes are coupled directly between the grid sections and the row lines. In one embodiment, the diodes are formed in an insulative layer carrying the grid sections. In another embodiment, the diodes are integrated into the emitter substrate.