Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating multiple sclerosis are disclosed herein. Embodiments of the present invention include methods of treating a multiple sclerosis patient via the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a compound of the formula: wherein, R1 is heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, or heteroaryl; R2, R4 and R6 are independently hydrogen, halogen, nitro, amino, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl or aryl; R3, R5, and R7 are independently hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl, or R3 and R4 taken together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a phenyl ring, or R4 and R5 taken together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a phenyl ring, or R5 and R7 taken together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a phenyl ring; and n1 and n2 are independently 0, 1 or 2; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a prodrug, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new uses of S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethyl dihydrogen phosphorothioate, (amifostine) and other aminothiol compounds to treat and reverse toxicities caused by therapeutic agents, radiation treatment or diabetes. In particular, the invention provides a method for treating neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with the administration of chemotherapeutic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new uses of thermally stable, crystalline S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethyl dihydrogen phosphorothioate, (amifostine) and other aminothiol compounds to treat and reverse toxicities caused by radiation treatment. In particular, the invention provides a method for treating or preventing xerostomia associated with the administration of radiation treatment of head and neck cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions useful in treating cancer. The compositions include a synergistic combination of an antineoplastic thiol-binding mitochondrial oxidant with an antineoplastic nucleic acid binding agent, an antineoplastic antimetabolite base analog, or docetaxel. Also provided are methods of assaying the synergistic effects of the combinations and methods of treating cancer using the synergistic combinations.

Abstract: A method of stimulating the production of melanin by the pigment-producing cells (keratinocytes and/or melanocytes) of the skin, in particular for the induction of skin tanning in humans, comprises administering alpha-MSH or an alpha-MSH analogue and exposing the skin to ultraviolet irradiation.