Abstract: An apparatus includes a light concentrator, which during operation directs light from an entrance aperture and an exit aperture, and a photovoltaic device positioned relative to the exit aperture to receive the light. The light concentrator includes a hollow body formed from a pair of spaced-apart sidewalls and an exit wall connecting the sidewalls, each sidewall being formed from a material having a first refractive index, n1, the exit wall includes a first element having an exit surface positioned at the exit aperture, the first element being formed from a material having second refractive index, n2, and the hollow body contains a liquid having a having a refractive index n3, where n3<n1 and n3<n2.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a light concentrator, which during operation directs light from an entrance aperture and an exit aperture, and a photovoltaic device positioned relative to the exit aperture to receive the light. The light concentrator includes a hollow body formed from a pair of spaced-apart sidewalls and an exit wall connecting the sidewalls, each sidewall being formed from a material having a first refractive index, n1, the exit wall includes a first element having an exit surface positioned at the exit aperture, the first element being formed from a material having second refractive index, n2, and the hollow body contains a liquid having a having a refractive index n3, where n3<n1 and n3<n2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to computer-implemented methods for finding patterns in patterns in a set of k-sequences of symbols (where k?2) and to a computer readable medium having instructions for controlling a computer system to perform the methods. Patterns of symbols common to each 2-tuple of sequences are identified. Each identified pattern of symbols is represented by a position index binary array (PIBA) which is a set of binary digits. The binary digit in each place in the array that corresponds to a location in the selected reference sequence of a symbol in the identified pattern has a first predetermined binary value. All of the other binary digits in the array have a second predetermined binary value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to computer-implemented methods for finding patterns in patterns in a set of k-sequences of symbols (where k?2) and to a computer readable medium having instructions for controlling a computer system to perform the methods. Patterns of symbols common to each 2-tuple of sequences are identified. Each identified pattern of symbols is represented by either a position index numerical array (PINA) or a position index binary array (PIBA). The position index numerical array (PINA) representation of a pattern is a set of position indices, each of which denotes the location in a selected reference sequence at which each symbol in the pattern occurs. The position index binary array (PIBA) representation of a pattern is a set of binary digits. The binary digit in each place in the array that corresponds to a location in the selected reference sequence of a symbol in the identified pattern has a first predetermined binary value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to computer-implemented methods for finding patterns in patterns in a set of k-sequences of symbols (where k?2) and to a computer readable medium having instructions for controlling a computer system to perform the methods. Patterns of symbols common to each 2-tuple of sequences are identified. Each identified pattern of symbols is represented by a position index binary array (PIBA) which is a set of binary digits. The binary digit in each place in the array that corresponds to a location in a selected reference sequence of a symbol in the identified pattern has a first predetermined binary value. All of the other binary digits in the array have a second predetermined binary value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to computer-implemented methods for finding patterns in patterns in a set of k-sequences of symbols (where k>2) and to a computer readable medium having instructions for controlling a computer system to perform the methods. Patterns of symbols common to each 2-tuple of sequences are identified. Each identified pattern of symbols is represented by a position index numerical array (PINA), which is a set of position indices, each of which denotes the location in a selected reference sequence at which each symbol in the pattern occurs. The position index numerical array (PINA) representations of patterns of each tuple at any order “n” may be combined with the PINA pattern representations of all other tuples at that same order “n” or with the pattern representations in any selected m-tuple, where m may have any integer value from 2 to (n?1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to computer-implemented methods for finding patterns in patterns in a set of k-sequences of symbols (where k?2) and to a computer readable medium having instructions for controlling a computer system to perform the methods. Patterns of symbols common to each 2-tuple of sequences are identified. Each identified pattern of symbols is represented by a position index numerical array (PINA), which is a set of position indices, each of which denotes the location in a selected reference sequence at which each symbol in the pattern occurs. The position index numerical array (PINA) representations of patterns of each tuple at any order “n” may be combined with the PINA pattern representations of all other tuples at that same order “n” or with the pattern representations in any selected m-tuple, where m may have any integer value from 2 to (n?1).